Its alarming to note that there is an increased trend in the HAIs around the globe.
In my opinion, the biggest issue in hospital infection control is leadership combined with an open internal culture that allows for the least paid staff clerk to be able to challenge the most important doctor in the hospital to wash their hands. There is lots more to do, but the biggest challenge is the hierarchical culture of the hospital. And breaking that down needs to come from the humbleness of the leadership to ask everyone to help. And everyone has to be willing to help. I hope that helps you, but that is why we have a problem in my view. This is really, really hard, especially where local social cultures are not open to leveling the staff on this issue.
The increasing trend often shows that the surveillance of HAIs is improving. There is a lot of severe patients in hospitals (more patients with immunodeficiency, more extremely low weight new-borns, etc.). To addition, more and more patients are treated in out-patient clinics and proportion of patients with high risk to get infection is growing in hospitals. From this point of view, it is normal that numbers of HAIs is increasing.
On other hand, it might be related with a new outbreaks and actions are needed to stop it.
HAI is a global problem. This problem is experienced by the highly sophisticated health care centres in developed countries. Emergence of Multi drug nosocomial bacteria like Acinetobacter species, Pseudomonas species, MRSA, Biofilm forming CONS, etc are posing serious threat in the control of HAI. Achieving ZERO HAI rate !!!!!, may not be achieved, but by a combined well interactive, helping attitude of all the health care workers HAI rate can be minimized. it is very important that we listen to each others suggestions. Egoistic attitudes will be detrimental for the programme. Constituting an active HICC is pivotal. display of guidelines in the hospital with a request to strict adherence, formation of antibiotic usage policy,and adopt the same in antibiotic usage helps to a great extent in preventing emergence of drug resistant bacteria.
Basically all HCW must practice very simple personal hygenic practice, starting with effective hand washing using soap, barrier nursing practice, using separate foot ware in intensive care units, keeping the floor dry , avoid unnecessary entry of people. antibiotic usage only when confirmed by microbiology culture report. avoid indiscriminate use of broad spectrum antibiotics, wean out the patient from ventilator and ICUS as early as possible and so on. it will be in pages.
I can only say that ZERO rate of HAI can not be achieved
First and foremost is the "practice of simple and basic Infection control practices" by the HCWs and also the personnel involved the direct and indirect patient care (Say for instances : House Keeping,Catering,Laundry, Facility Management Etc.,).
Secondly advocate and implement ,practice the strict antibiotics guidelines, thereby avoiding indiscriminate usage of the antibiotics and rationalize the judicious use of antibiotics. This will certainly help the reduction of MDRO.
Education and training is an important element in the success of the Hospital IC programme.
It is alarming many times to see increased HAIs. But with successful interventions in The UK, MRSA bacteremia is nearly zero. Cdiff has reduced to good extent and hopefully other infections will be controlled with well managed changes in culture and practice for infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. Main point will be to achieve success and persever with the same practices which can prove challenging.
In order to prevent hospital acquired infections, it is very imperative to maintain the hygiene, and sanitation in hospital environment besides use of protective clothing including face mask, frequent washing of hands with antiseptic soap or solution, immediate attention to any mishap in laboratory etc. for the prevention of laboratory acquired infections.
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