These excitations at low temperatures give rise to disorder beyond the long/short-range ordered magnetic states. In the case of spin ice systems, the quantum fluctuations act as a significant perturbation force that deviated the system far away from the two-in-two-out spin configuration. It gives rise to the three-in-one-out spin configuration and forms the dynamic monopole-antimonopole pairs. Surprisingly, no change in the "Spin ice" entropy is observed.
Why is a dynamic ground state (or increase in the entropy) not observed beyond the spin ice state due to the dominance of quantum fluctuation at low temperatures?
Quantum fluctuations are just what the term says: They denote a bath, just like a thermal bath, only, in this case, the parameter that sets the unit of the ``temperature'' is Planck's constant. In fact all calculations are as if one were dealing with a system, in equilibrium with a thermal bath, but with one additional spatial dimension.
It isn't however true that they are the reason that a 2->2 configuration can become a 3->1 configuration, that's, just, wrong.
Quantum fluctuations don't imply that the ground state of a quantum system is degenerate-which would mean that the entropy is non-zero. On the contrary: For quantum systems, in flat worldvolume (as are the magnetic systems referred to), with tranlation invariant interactions, that define a Hamiltonian, the ground state is unique and its entropy, therefore, vanishes. The fact that these are spin systems refers to the geometry of the target space, the space of the spins, not the worldvolume.
Hi Dr Sheetal Moun . See the link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/quantum-fluctuation
See the following link: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2020/11/17/quantum-fluctuations-were-experimentally-proven-way-back-in-1947/amp/
See also the following link: https://study.com/academy/answer/what-causes-quantum-fluctuations.html
Kindly see also the following link: https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/67563/are-quantum-fluctuations-completely-uncaused-events
Quantum fluctuations are small fluctuations or variations in the properties of a physical system that arise from the fundamental uncertainty associated with quantum mechanics.
In quantum mechanics, particles are described by wave functions that give probabilities for various properties of the particle, such as its position and momentum. These wave functions exhibit inherent uncertainty, which leads to fluctuations in the particle's properties.
The source of quantum fluctuations is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which states that certain pairs of properties of a particle, such as position and momentum, cannot be precisely known simultaneously. This means that even in a system that is in its lowest energy state, known as the ground state, there are still fluctuations in the properties of the particles that make up the system.
Quantum fluctuations are an essential aspect of quantum mechanics and play a crucial role in many physical phenomena, such as the Casimir effect and vacuum fluctuations. They also have important implications for quantum computing and quantum field theory.
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