The cost of cultivation is increasing due to increased fertilizer, tillage, irrigation and pesticide cost? The profitability from the cereal crops cultivation is decreasing. The majority of unskilled youth are moving to Arab countries. The majority of educated youth are moving to America and Europe. The countryside have only older people either male or female. The cultivation practices are mostly labor intensive but there is acute shortage of labor. Thousands of hectares of land remain vacant or uncultivated. The Government is unable to provide subsidy to the farmers. What are the possible solution?
Options to reduce cost of cultivating cereal crops in developing countries include adopting sustainable farming practices, improving access to technology and credit, and promoting efficient use of resources.
Stubble retention and reduced tillage are obvious steps and the accompanying problems need to be managed to restore yields. Thereafter yields should at least equal the previous best yields. Research into perenniality and root architecture may also produce benefits in the medium-term.
According to world bank(2020), arable land per person in Nepal is just 0.072 ha(about 1.5 ropani / about 2.2 katha)....Furthermore subsistence farming still outnumbers the commercial farming system
• 68 % of total land in hilly region creates hindrances for agricultural mechanization, transportation, interpersonal communication and information flow
•Small scale agricultural mechanization....(less size, less cost, less maintenance.....especially for hilly region)
• Local government and cooperatives owning the machinery....that enables farmers to lease and use them......strengthening farmer groups
• Attractive Policy making for scalability & agricultural land unification with appropriate land contracts( motivate commercial farmers)....so that mechanization and cropping system would be easier
• Research and need based farm machinery design & innovation,effective academics in this field universities......why can’t AFU collaborate with Engineering institutions and National Innovation Center (Mahabir pun) for R & D
• Strong and effective extension activities...what about existing Land Grant Model which is just in paper
• Market.....Isn’t it possible to fix the market price(farmer price, wholesale, retail) of all agricultural commodities according to the season and locations(Governmental Control over the market price and profit of middleman)
• Sending excellent students for foreign universities through our institutions following student exchange program and contract based.....so they must return to Nepal after the completion of their degree(Similar to UGC)
• Local government level training for the unskilled manpower
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