What are the new materials available for stabilization of expansive soil?

01 January 1970 30 3K Report

Expansive soil are highly problematic soil because of volume change behavior under its moisture conditions. There are different types of methods are available to stabilize the soil but its not better solution in many aspects for that, so i need what are the new cheap materials used to stabilize the expansive soil in effective manner.

Rafik Karaman

Dear Selvakumar,

Please read the following text:

For centuries mankind was wondering at the instability of earth materials, especially expansive soil. One day they are dry and hard, and the next day wet and soft. Swelling soil always create problem for lightly loaded structure, by consolidating under load and by changing volumetrically along with seasonal moisture variation. As a result the superstructures usually counter excessive settlement and differential movements, resulting in damage to foundation systems, structural elements and architectural features. In a significant number of cases the structure becomes unstable or uninhabitable. Even when efforts are made to improve swelling soil, the lack of appropriate technology sometimes results volumetric change that are responsible for billion dollars damage each year. It is due to this that the present

work is taken up. The purpose was to check the scope of improving bearing capacity value and reduce expansiveness by adding additives. There are many methods of stabilizing soil to gain required engineering specifications. These methods range from mechanical to chemical stabilization. Most of these methods

are relatively expensive to be implemented by slowly developing nations and the best way is to use locally available materials with relatively cheap costs affordable by their internal funds. In many centuries, coal is the primary fuel in thermal

power plant and other industry. The fine residue from these plants which is collected in a field is known as fly ash and considered as a waste material. The fly ash is disposed of either in the dry form or mixed with water and discharged in

slurry into locations called ash ponds. The quantity of fly ash produced worldwide is huge and keeps increasing every day. Four countries, namely, China, India, United State and Poland alone produce more than 270 million tons of fly ash every year. This work has been done to see the effect on swelling aspect and on strength of some swelling soil by adding fly ash & lime in different proportion into it as

additive. Soil stabilization improves the engineering properties of soil such as strength, volume stability and durability. The percentage addition of fine, coarse fly ash improves the strength of stabilized black cotton soil and exhibit relatively

well-defined moisture-density relationship. It was found that the peak strength attained by fine fly ash mixture was 25% more when compared to coarse fly ash.

The addition of lime and class C fly ash to highly plastic clay also showed a reduction in shrinkage with increasing additive percentages. However, the addition of lime arrested the shrinkage at almost twice the rate of class C fly ash. The

shrinkage arrest was not linear but occurred more readily with small amounts of additive and the rate of shrinkage arrest slowed as the amount of additive increased It is seen that the thickness of pavement decreases by 66% as the CBR value goes on increasing. The improved CBR value is due to addition of Lime and Fly ash as admixtures to the BC soil. It also reduces the hydraulic conductivity of BC

soil. There will be no need of drainage layer after treatment of BC soil as sub grade with lime and fly ash. In combination, the admixtures are beneficial for lower plasticity and higher silt content soils. In terms of material cost, the use of less

costly fly ash can reduce the required amount of lime.

The following papers present the results of the Experimental study on expansive soil by stabilizing it with fly ash and lime:

Stabilization of Expansive Soils Using Low Cost Materials

http://www.ijeit.com/vol%202/Issue%2011/IJEIT1412201305_36.pdf

Stabilization of Expansive Soil

http://www.ijeit.com/Vol%205/Issue%2012/IJEIT1412201606_13.pdf

STABILIZATION OF EXPANSIVE SOIL USING ALKALI ACTIVATED FLY ASH

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272002427_STABILIZATION_OF_EXPANSIVE_SOIL_USING_ALKALI_ACTIVATED_FLY_ASH

In addition to the above mentioned article, the following link contains a review article entitled "SOIL STABILIZATION METHODS AND MATERIALS " which describes in detail all used materials and methods for soil stabilization:

https://pure.ltu.se/portal/files/42050076/Soil_stabilization_methods_and_materials.pdf

Hoping this will be helpful,

Rafik

Conference Paper STABILIZATION OF EXPANSIVE SOIL USING ALKALI ACTIVATED FLY ASH

Selvakumar S.

Thanks rafik for your valuable information

Kundan Meshram

You may also use glass fiber, coir geotexitle, as material. As a new technology you can use granular pile it improve strength and reduce swelling& swelling pressure. All the best

Selvakumar S.

Thanks for your valuable comments and wishes @ kundan

Hussein Elarabi

Stabilization method used depends on the type of structure erected in or on the considered soil. The type of cla minerals also play a big role in methods of stabilization. Depth of expansive soil also has its effect. Nevertheless in Internet you may find a lot of materials for this problem. Care should be considered in choosing the suitable one.

Magdalena Kowalska

Dear Selvakumar,

I got recently interested in the use of scrap tire rubber as a stabilizing material for expansive clays. It works very well and is cheap. To reduce the increased compressibility of the mixture some researchers use an additive of fly ash. Check e.g. the publications of Prof. Carraro and his group from the Colorado State University:

Wiechert, E. P., and Carraro, J. A. H. (2011). Beneficial Use of Off-Specification Fly Ashes to Increase the Shear Strength and Stiffness of Expansive Soil-Rubber (ESR) Mixtures. Report MPC11-235. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.

Carraro A., Budagher E., Badanagki M., Kang J.B. (2013) Sustainable Stabilization of Sulfate-Bearing Soil with Expansive Soil-Rubber Technology. Technical Report No.CDOT-2013-2, March 2013

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.2065.2246

Hamzah M. Beakawi Al-Hashemi

Dear Selvakumar S,

I'd like to thank all colleagues for sharing such a great information. Kindly have a look at the link enclosed below for stabilizing expansive soil using by-products:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251527654_Stabilization_of_expansive_soils_for_use_in_construction

Regards,

Article Stabilization of expansive soils for use in construction

Emeh Chukwuebuka

In my country, wood ash is generated in large quantity, but these wood ash on their own can only reduce the plasticity index of expansive soils temporally hence increasing its workability, but does not have a significant improvement in the strength of the stabilized soil for pavement construction purposes. But on improving the wood ash with small quantity of calcium oxide, it proved a good stabilizing material for expansive soil. I Published this work in the international journal of geotechnical engineering under Taylor and Francis publishers, and a copy of it can be downloaded from my page here in research gate. Hope the information will help you.

Selvakumar S.

Thanks Emeh..

Jijo James

There is lot of research going on in the area of expansive soil stabilization. If you are looking for cheap materials, the reuse of solid wastes in soil stabilization is a good option. I will give you a list of wastes that can be used, though not exhaustive. Phosphogypsum, Sewage sludge ash, Silica fumes, Bagasse ash, Ground nut shell ash, Marble dust, Rice husk ash, Rice straw ash, Locust bean waste ash, Egg shell ash, Cement kiln dust, Sawdust ash, Waste paper sludge ash, Incineration ash, Limestone dust, Cement bypass dust, Wood ash, Bottom ash, Calcined paper sludge, Palm oil fuel ash, Lime sludge, Demolition waste, Quarry dust, Coconut shell ash, Calcium carbide waste, Lime kiln dust, Steel slag, Whitewash mud, Copper slag, Blast furnace slag, Red mud, Filter press mud, Vitrified time sludge, Vitrified polish waste and of course coal combustion products to name a few...

You can have a look at these papers as well...

Article Utilization of Solid Waste for Soil Stabilization: A Review

Article A review of literature on stabilization of expansive soil us...

Article Industrial Wastes as Auxiliary Additives to Cement/Lime Stab...

Article Soil Stabilization as an Avenue for Reuse of Solid Wastes: A Review

Selvakumar S.

thanks james..

Prasad Prakashrao Dahale

Hello Selvakumar S

Why don't you try RBI 81 or Plastic waste fibers with Lime for stabilization

Faisal estu Yulianto

rice husk ash is new material, it is very cheap and friendly envirometally

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