what are the negative effects of climate change on agriculture specially on cereal crops?
You expect serious extremes of drought and floods. The drought comes with extremely high temperatures, which kill the crops, as well as deny livestock their feeds because these all die. High temperatures (global warming) also cause heat stress on the livestock and they die. Extreme floods also lead to mass deaths and displacement of livestock and crops. The crops become flooded, and become uprooted or die due to lack of soil aeration. The nutrient balance is also interfered with in the soils during the flood season. The general effects of climate change are adverse on agriculture and likely to lead to catastrophic food crisis.
Climate change leads to very serious effects in terms of biotic and abiotic stress as well. Related to drought stress pl visit www.gems.icrisat.org. In this website they have given detail research and their outcomes related to drought scenario in different cereal crops.
Drought and flooding (water stress) are notable among the effects of climate change on agriculture as mentioned by other researchers.
Also, the climate situation in a region can bring about a range of pest and disease prevalence, as long as the pests and diseases are favoured by the climate.
High temperature, characterised by climate change, can also be highly unfavourable to some plants and animals, which could do well with average temperatures.
There is also the problem of species dispersion.Due to the elevation of temperatures, farmers won't be able to grow the same species, and cattle won't get the same well-being conditions as well. Globally, with 1°C more, species will tend to go 50-300km further North (in the North atmosphere), and/or 150m higher, if possible (these numbers aren't quite definite yet). This might be a good thing in some area, but quite devastating in others.
Moreover, with this fact, parasites and diseases will be able to touch some areas that weren't infected. An adaptation, or a change of species is necessary.
These touches orchards, crop growing, livestock farming, ...
There are also the increase of incidence and severity of diseases, mainly those whose severity increase with host stress. The weakness of the host is favourable to pathogen.
For example(in this case the host is grapevine, but can apllied to cereals) :
This is a good site for you to look into it: "Climate Impacts on Agriculture and Food Supply" [https://www.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-agriculture-and-food-supply].
It lists several impacts:
- Impacts on Crops
Impacts on Livestock
Impacts on Fisheries
International Impacts
I also attach a chapter from this link. Read it, then you will have an idea how climate impacts on agriculture.
In addition to the insightful responses of the colleagues, the attached pdf file may be helpful with regard to the question.
Regards
Please see:
http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/365/1554/2973
http://www.pnas.org/content/111/9/3274.full
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19390450802495882
https://www.idosi.org/aejaes/jaes3(5)/1.pdf
You can find some important information about impact of climate change on agriculture and vulnerability and adaption issues in tacking the crisis in the attached files
@ Dr. Vinesh Kumar
Kindly see the following RG links.
Article Climate change impacts on global agriculture
Article Effects of global climate change on agriculture: an interpre...
Article The Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in Developing Countries
Article Effect of Climate Changes on Agriculture of The Western Balk...
Article Impact of climate change on Indian agriculture
Article Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food Security in India
Chapter Effect of Climate Change on Agricultural Crops
Thanks!
Hybrid crops will vanish one day and only wild crops can survive in climate change.
Breeders must start working on finding more abiotic stress-tolerant varieties because of increasing temperature, salinity and drought. Plants will have shorter life cycles because of increasing temperature which means low yield. flower and fruit drop will increase because of higher temperature and strong winds which will contribute to lower yield production. fruit quality will also be reduced. cereal and fruit crops will be the most affected ones.
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