Some countries around the world are still using 3G in their Communication systems, others are using 4G LTE and LTE-A , so the question that faces both the academia and industry is what are the main changes in the infrastructure that need to be done in order to make it prepared to 5G? and would it even be economical in all cases?
Dear Mustafa
I enclose for you a very useful file that includes more details about the 5G Infrastructure .
Thanks very much.
Prof. S. EL-Rabaie
Dear Mustafa,
Adding to prof. Elrabaie, I think all layers of the system will be subjected to appreciable changes. The physical layer will undergo deep changes to satisfy the very high speed data required. One will satisfy these speeds by adding new frequency bands, also by the introduction of mimo and massive mimo systems as well as the modulation and coding techniques to enhance the spectral efficiency of the system.
There will be changes also in the data link layer where the multiple accessing control reside.
The core network will be completely a packet switched network with fiber cables and routers. This layer will be basically structured as in 4G but it may be enhanced and extended to increase its traffic capability.
I think the changes can be facilitated by using the software defined radio, communication and network technology where the hard ware is kept unchanged or slightly changed and the functions are realized by software.
Best wishes
Dear Mustafa, for 3G to 4G, the access network and even the core network are changed.
1. In 3G the Air interface is based on CDMA while in 4G it is based on OFDMA(DL) and SC-FDMA(UL)
2. The RNC of the 3G has disappeared and the NodeB have evolved to the eNodeB
3. The Core network in 4G is a full IP CN , the Control plane and user plane are completely separed in 4G (MME is in charge of CP and S/P GW in charge of UP)
But for 5G things will be changed, the eNodeB will be change and a lot of new considerations will be adopted. here are some summary from Dec 2017 related to 5G.
1. 5G New Radio: Physical Layer Overview
2. Enhanced OFDM for 5G RAN
3. Non⁃Orthogonal Multiple Access
4. Uplink Multiple Access Schemes for 5G
5. Massive MIMO 5G Cellular Networks: mm⁃Wave vs. μ⁃Wave Frequencies
The 3GPP has adopted 5G New radio as the access technique, please check this link (https://twitter.com/3GPPLive/status/943567761833447426/photo/1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rcrwireless.com%2F20171220%2F5g%2Fits-official-5g-new-radio-standard-is-ratified-by-3gpp-tag6)
Attached are 2 files that you can consider for a better understanding of my explanations. Nice day and happy new year to all researchgate members.
Mustafa Sadiq Aljumaily adding new boards/ eRAN Network upgrade and antenna swap for new frequencies
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