There are various ways in which coastal mapping can be done and there are several features that can be mapped.
- Beaches and shores
- livelihood
- other features and islands
- docks / ship building yards
- roads / infrastructure
- jetty
and other commonly available features on coast can be mapped.
The Journal "GIScience and Remote Sensing" just published a special issue on Coastal Remote Sensing. They were more focused on the biogeophysical compounds in the water colunm, but I think it can be useful to have a view of new products.
Here is the link of the special issue.
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/tgrs20/51/2#.U17EnflnDtU
For details on shoreline changes, Please check
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490419.2014.908795
You can do coastal geomorphology, coast line changes, coastal land use/land cover and if there is any forest cover you can do forest mapping like NDVI.
you can do near shore bathymetry through lidar, sequential image capture of near shore sonar operations as well.
ccom.unh.edu see Tom Lippman and Shachak Peeri's work in particular
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