What are the differences between SCADA and Internet of Things? Can these be integrated to make a new system?
Generally, if you say "SCADA" you think about the real process of production or management described by specific rules. In simple terms the SCADA system typically is the master system over a real-time system(s). A typical model of communication in SCADA is: (controller, sensor, actuator) (OPC server(s)) (SCADA application) (sometimes presentation of selected parameters via the Internet).
The Internet of things so far is a system for everything that has access to the Internet. It is dangerous to providing access to production line equipment directly via the Internet
SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) is a system that monitor and control industrial, infrastructure, and facility-based processes that exist in the physical world.
SCADA usually refers to centralized systems, different of the decentralized nature of Internet of Things elements. It can, however, be applied to SCADA as data acquisition/actuator nodes, as long as it provides security and accuracy required by SCADA standards.
The result of this mixing may not make a new system, although a decentralized industrial management system looks interesting.
Hello, SCADA systems are usualy used for real process/plans with "close" connection for output signals/users (sometime the hardawe connection does not allow extern connections). I think that is better to remain as "close" in possible. With exterior connections, the plant SIL (safety integr. level) will be very small!!
Generally, SCADA allows a human to interact remotely with a process. Iot is generally promoted as machine to machine communication rather than something that exists primarily to present information to a human. But the definitions are loose and "SCADA" is a very broad church.
Some may say that the IoT imitates and builds on the lessons learned in SCADA over the past five decades. It usually comes down to meeting functional requirements: People get too hung up on what things are called rather than focusing on what they have to do. Doing SCADA "right" usually involves understanding the underlying physical process that is monitored and controlled by the system and adapting the SCADA system t suit the needs of that process. This can include process safety, integrity and security, modes of failure, etc.
As the requirements of each process can differ, there may be some kinds of systems where IoT and SCADA can be integrated together with some benefits, and others where this could be disastrous.
Generally, if you say "SCADA" you think about the real process of production or management described by specific rules. In simple terms the SCADA system typically is the master system over a real-time system(s). A typical model of communication in SCADA is: (controller, sensor, actuator) (OPC server(s)) (SCADA application) (sometimes presentation of selected parameters via the Internet).
The Internet of things so far is a system for everything that has access to the Internet. It is dangerous to providing access to production line equipment directly via the Internet
Iot or IIot (Industrial Internet of Things) is much more related to long time data storage for analysis and comparison with different solutions than to the day-by-day operation of the plant which is the main SCADA usage.
In my point of view IIoT is a good tool for big companies that want to have a centralized monitoring of all its facilities or for manufacturers to monitor their installed base. The objectives are performance analysis, predictive maintenance, new product development, etc.
IoT comes from sensor netowrk concept. Actually the main goal of it is to standardize sensor network and also data gathering and aggregation frameworks. Hence the first idea behind it was to measurement and mining of data. However scada is a an automation and control networking frameworkwhich the main concern is to control the actuator network and of course to measure physical paramteres for control. Hence IoT doesnt address the scada realtime and reliable network needes for industrial control. However industrial iot focused on qos constraints of a real industrial network however it still doesnt include controller builtin. IIoT cane be used as a network infrastructure for scada.
At the end, both SCADA and IoT are about the sensors and data acquisition. They differ in many aspects, but they share the common goal: optimization of use and eventually better control over some devices or a process. The whole idea of smart grid, for example, leads to SCADA and IoT integration. So, why not?
If you think in the concept of control layers, then SCADA consist on an sensor, control and supervisory level. For me the IoT works on the sensor/control level, interacting with each other. As modern SCADA systems are also based on internet connectivity like WinCC OA, then you can use the IoT as Sensor and DaQ level for SCADA., setting parameters and outsourcing DAQ issues to local devices/things. So I believe that SCADA will be used to Monitor and Control IoT on a more abstract level.
IMHO, Internet of things goes beyond just simply think about the sensors of actuators. One of the goals is to have all players in the control system (regulators, sensors, actuators,...) connected and its data available. Then, that information would be used for different reasons generating a lot of added value (e.g. predictive maintenance, advanced dashboards, data aggregation, integration with MES, ERP, ...)
SCADA is just at the upper layer of the control system, it may or not be included in the chain of this data flowing, depending on architecture. To illustrate this, assume this example. An intelligent actuator as a control valve. This valve will typically open/close automatically according to the control system orders in an automatic mode but could be open/close manually by an operator through an SCADA. Of course the data is passing through the SCADA for that, but eventually there could be another actor which is getting more insight information from that valve (e.g. stroke, temperature,...) which normally the SCADA will not take care of. Just an example, but of course you could extend the classical SCADA functionalities to those of data analysis...
Evolving from SCADA to IoT
Dear @Aamir, I find this resource very good for your research question.
IIOT can control, act in the field and donot necessary any connection to central control building, but in SCADA, plant control and take action from central building. in SCADA devices neighbor donot have any connection or transmit data, but in IOT the devices has connection and send alarm and also take action from together.
SCADA device can be an IoT device if connected to the internet and found by eg. Shodan search engine. SCADA with no internet is just a SCADA. This is called the "industrial iot" era
Has SCADA had its day with the advent of IoT?
Read how IoT takes SCADA systems to the next level!
While the Industry 4.0 revolution has gained momentum and many organizations are exploring new ways to leverage IoT with expectations to enhance business processes and overcome existing challenges, there are many questions people have around IoT implementation with the existing infrastructure. At present, one of the burning questions in the market is “will IoT replace Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) in a new era for manufacturing?” Such questions not only help industrial companies understand the future relevance of current technologies but also help them take near-term automation investment decisions.
Manufacturing is already a mature industry and technology has paved the way since long for improving manufacturing processes with prevalent systems like SCADA. Since there is a new tidal wave of data emerging from IoT, what role existing systems like SCADA will play is something everybody wants to know. SCADA has helped many industries including manufacturing to monitor and control their processes and industrial applications, which has resulted in decreased operational costs and increased efficiency. But with growing technological advances, people are concerned about increasing costs and infrastructural changes posed by implementing the new technology....
https://www.softwebsolutions.com/resources/transform-old-machines-into-smart-machines-using-iot.html
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