Arthropods damage their hosts in a variety of ways. Their feeding on the host´s skin may cause intense itching, especially characteristic of lice and mites. Damage by mites results in the skin disease called mange, characterised by raw, thickened skin that has lost its hair.
Sucking of blood by lice and ticks can be a serious drain on animals, which must continually replace the lost blood. When the tick population is sufficiently high and these parasites feed for considerable lengths of time, iron stores, which are used for blood elements, become depleted and anaemia occurs.
One of the most damaging aspects of ticks is their ability to transmit disease-producing organisms to their host. These diseases are often serious and may be fatal. East Coast fever (Theileria parva), bovine babesiosis (Bebesia bigemina and B. bovis), and anaplasmosis (Anaplasma marginale) are transmitted in this fashion. Adult female ticks harbouring Babes spp. may pass them on to the next generation of ticks via the eggs.
Valuable hides are often damaged by ectoparasites. The irritation and trauma to the skin reduce the hide quality. Some ectoparasite larvae, notably warbles (Hypoderma), migrate through the body and eventually penetrate the skin, leaving large holes. This invasion of the body by larvae is called myiasis. The resultant damage to hides may render them worthless.
Arthropods damage their hosts in a variety of ways. Their feeding on the host´s skin may cause intense itching, especially characteristic of lice and mites.
Mites are small creatures that can parasite on some birds and animals; they can feed on feather, skin and blood. Also, phytophagous mites infest plants and cause sever damage to leaves and fruits.