None - so far as our field experiments in WA revealed. In fact the reduced cost of reduced tillage has lead to a rapid adoption of XT in several countries such as Iraq and Iran, not to mention Australia.

الزراعة الحافظة تؤدي إلى خفض التكاليف والاحتفاظ بالمياه والمواد العضوية ويقلل استخدام الأسمدة الكيماوية وزيادة خصوبة التربة

Soil is more affected with conventional tillage due to heavy vehicles and soil structure will be hampered simultaneously yield potential will also be reduced but good soil health will be seen in case of conservation tillage but some times more pest infestation can be seen in conservation tillage practices. But overall cost of conventional tillage practices is comparatively higher than conservation tillage that's why it is more economically sustainable.

It all depends on your soils ability to handle the precipitation. In semi arid regions no-till is almost a no brainer. As you move to sub humid regions you have to be more creative with strip till being used in corn. It is important for notill to work that the soil dries enough at some point to allow the soil to aerate. If you do not get natural aeration at some point then some sort of tillage seems to be beneficial.

When comparing conventional tillage and conservation tillage, the benefits in terms of yield stability and crop resilience can vary significantly. Here’s a detailed comparison:

Conventional Tillage

Yield Stability:

• Short-Term Benefits: Conventional tillage can provide a well-prepared seedbed, which may lead to good initial crop establishment and potentially high yields in the short term.
• Long-Term Variability: Over time, conventional tillage can lead to soil degradation, including loss of organic matter, soil compaction, and increased erosion. These factors can cause yield variability and instability, especially under adverse weather conditions.

Crop Resilience:

• Soil Health: Continuous soil disturbance can degrade soil structure, reduce microbial activity, and decrease soil organic carbon, making crops more vulnerable to stress.
• Water Management: Conventional tillage can lead to poorer water infiltration and retention, making crops less resilient to drought conditions.
• Erosion and Nutrient Loss: Increased soil erosion and nutrient runoff can reduce the availability of essential nutrients, further compromising crop resilience.

Conservation Tillage

Yield Stability:

• Consistent Yields: Conservation tillage practices, such as reduced tillage, no-till, and mulch-till, help maintain soil structure and organic matter, leading to more stable yields over time.
• Reduced Soil Disturbance: By minimizing soil disturbance, conservation tillage reduces the risk of soil degradation, which contributes to long-term yield stability.

Crop Resilience:

• Improved Soil Health: Conservation tillage enhances soil health by maintaining organic matter, improving soil structure, and increasing microbial activity. Healthy soils support stronger root systems and better nutrient uptake, enhancing crop resilience.
• Water Retention: Conservation tillage improves water infiltration and retention, making crops more resilient to drought and reducing the impact of water stress.
• Erosion Control: By reducing soil erosion, conservation tillage helps maintain soil fertility and reduces the loss of topsoil, which is crucial for long-term crop resilience.
• Weed and Pest Management: Conservation tillage can alter the habitat for weeds and pests, potentially reducing their impact and contributing to more resilient cropping systems.

Comparative Summary

Yield Stability:

• Conventional Tillage: May offer high initial yields but tends to lead to variability and instability over time due to soil degradation.
• Conservation Tillage: Promotes more consistent and stable yields by maintaining soil health and reducing the risk of soil degradation.

Crop Resilience:

• Conventional Tillage: Leads to poorer soil health, reduced water retention, and increased erosion, making crops less resilient to stress.
• Conservation Tillage: Enhances soil health, improves water retention, and controls erosion, contributing to greater crop resilience and the ability to withstand adverse conditions.