What are the available techniques and tools to map the subsurface configuration of Karst topography?

Benefits of the 24 welled plate?

We have always used the 96 welled plate, the 48 welled plate but apparently there is much evidence on the 24 welled plate and above all its benefits.It states it is the same you would use on ELISA...

28 February 2021 1,149 1 View

How do I choose contrasts in SPM8?

I am learning how to use SPM for PET and PET-MR analysis, but I haven't found any great resources that explain how contrasts work. I have a series of PET images where our hypothesis argues that...

24 February 2021 1,534 2 View

Are there methods for automatically mapping floodplains, fans and terraces?

I want to map these river geoforms with as little subjectivity as possible. I have a high resolution DEM generated by drone data.

22 February 2021 7,800 3 View

What does it require to be ready for e-Commerce in developing countries?

Most developing countries are not ready for e-Commerce? What dimensions and indicators are there to measure e-commerce readiness of a nation? Please share framework or model and evaluation...

22 February 2021 8,132 6 View

How to use Remote sensing and GIS applications for mapping the available medicinal plants within the locality/municipality?

Hello, I'm very interested in mapping and managing the conservation of the Philippine traditional medicinal plants, in which I think is very helpful in the field of medicine for further analysis...

21 February 2021 374 5 View

Reliable and Valid Instrument for Causes of Medical Errors?

Is there any questionnaire/survey that measures the causes of medical errors? Example: physician negligence vs. systemic issues. Looking for a reliable and validated instrument. Thank you!

15 February 2021 2,874 4 View

How do I categories into groups on SPSS?

I am using the 'Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory'. This instrument has 2 sub-scales (bully scale and victim scale). From the responses, they will be divided into 4 groups (pure cyberbullies, pure...

13 February 2021 5,787 4 View

Which is the best wavelength to study aerosol optical depth(AOD) related to climate reseach,which criteria must be adopted in choosing the wavelengh?

We are doing a study on impact of aerosol on precipitation. Which satellite data and which wavelength will be the best. or can some one suggest a criteria to be adopted to choose an instrument...

12 February 2021 6,324 3 View

How to correctly reference instruments in systematic review following APA?

Hello, I am running into an issue and do not know how to cite / reference correctly here. APA states that instruments and measurements need to be referenced with the author's name. At the same...

11 February 2021 9,523 3 View

Rousseau Psychological Contract instrument?

Hi, I would appreciated if someone who's studying the Psychological contrat could help me about this questionnaire : My question is the following : Is someone can help me identify how wich...

09 February 2021 9,162 3 View

Amy E Edwards

GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) is a popular method:

https://www.vtti.vt.edu/PDFs/PE_2010/Diefenderfer%20-%20Use%20of%20Ground-Penetrating%20Radar%20for%20Subsurface%20Void%20Detection%20in%20Karst%20Terrene.pdf

Reuben Reyes

If you want a detailed map and you have full access to the air spaces below. The best way to map the interior surfaces is LIDAR or TLS. If any of the larger voids are water filled and you also have access then the the best example would be using sonar similar to DEPTHX. If the substrate is water saturated and you do not have access to voids you can estimate voids using subsurface imaging from Earth Resistivity Imaging (ERI) geophysics.

Jacek Szczygieł

I encourage you to read this article.

Article Searching for the void: Improving cave detection accuracy by...

Is dealing with all three: LIDAR, ERT and GPR