The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference,COP 21 or CMP 11 was held in Paris, France, from 30 November to 12 December 2015. It was the 21st yearly session of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 11th session of the Meeting of the Parties to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol.
Are the agreed 195 countries has already started action to reduce their carbon output to keep global warming below 2 degrees C ?
Kripaljyoti Mazumdar
Some of the key features, decisions of the CoP 21 are as follows:
- Paris Agreement ensures sufficient, balanced adaptation and mitigation support for developing countries, especially the poorest and most vulnerable.
- For the first time all Governments of all 195 participating countries have agreed to binding, robust, transparent rules of the road to ensure that all countries do what they have agreed across a range of issues.
- Developed countries have agreed to lead in mobilizing finance and scale up technology support and capacity building. Developed countries, which have polluted for longer, should take "the lead" by taking on absolute emissions cuts. Developing nations which still need to burn coal and oil to power growing populations, are encouraged to enhance their efforts and "move over time" to cuts.
- Every five years, beginning from 2020, all will regularly review what is needed in line with science. In 2018, two years before the agreement enters into force, countries will take stock of the overall impact of what they are doing to rein in global warming, and revisit their carbon-curbing plans in 2020. Some countries had submitted their first round of targets until 2025, and others until 2030.
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