Dear Ghazaleh Tahmasebi ,

I would like to add that in our world we have already different times!

That is subjective time, i.e., how our brain reacts relative to time. Humans must experience a very similar subjective time, but other races like fishes, birds.... experience another subjective time. This can be measured with good precision.

For example; the fishes reacts about two times faster than humans, while the snails reacts about 10 times slower. That means that the fishes sees the world around them in slow motion, while the snail sees the world in "fast motion".

JES

Dear Dr. Gustafsson,

Thank you for your reply.

In my opinion, according to what you said, we should say if we have a planet that in each section of it have different gravity, the time has changed with different positions. We have different planets with different gravities. Time, directly related to displacement. In relation to live things with a smaller size, if they have been on the earth it is obviously clear that if we compare snail, tortoise, and a rabbit together, in a clear place respectively, the rabbit faster than all, tortoise and finally snail get arrive at the same destination. I think it does not matter to be small because we have insects in the as same size as a snail but clever and fast. So in this discussion, explain the time changes aren't just refer to displacement and velocity changes! I think it is more than them. Probably a world exists, that we can be in the past or future at the same time or, we can be at all times, second by second at the same time. But what that means? It's difficult to think about it you can go in several times or see what happened several times, in one place without displacement (displacement is zero), or go into several places and times in a moment!

Dear Dr. Ernest Grimm,

Thank you for your reply,

All of the things that you said was useful for me to study more with physics laws.

But I want to add, we can change all of the rules and laws of physics with logical proof.

Yes, you were exactly right! If we wanna talk about these things we should include Quantum too. We should think about the mass too. Now we have humans and live things or solids with mass, and we are talking about them. I know we have positive and negative masses too.

So it seems you think the multi-time universe is just for things without mass such as photons!

Finally, we should include the relativity theory too, and talk about the speed of light or velocity more than light.

We have a UFO too! Do you think all of these things are unreal?

But nothing is certain in this amazing universe!

My paper "Time Scapes" deals with multidimensional time. It appeared in "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals" vol. 9 No. 7 (1998) pp. 1105-1114.

An intriguing path of research motivated by pure mathematics is to extend physical theories in the form of differential equations using a real evolution time parameter t into the complex domain. The time becomes a complex variable which can be used to explore "parallel" time evolution and helps, as in other domains of mathematics, to understand the behaviour of functions in the real domain. Of course space can also be complexified.

See a short summary at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_spacetime

Dear Ghazaleh Tahmasebi It is hard to say about Time in few words, but my article is the best and unprecedented of Time and our universe.

https://www.academia.edu/38071066/Time_is_Relative

To answer to some of the statements made before:

First, it is moot to discuss whether UFOs are real or not. UFO means "unidentified flying object". One may doubt whether some of these objects were really observed. But there are enough reports about cases where there undeniably was some observation but no subsequent identification. So, clearly UFOs existed and continue to exist, but their explanation may be mundane in all cases.

Second, the discussions of the different times that are in use in physics somehow miss the point. Of course, each (pointlike) object with a mass has a proper time and another observer may relate this to some global time by a rate different from one. But that does not change the fact that the dynamics of that object is described by a differential equation that can be formulated using a single independent time variable (and three independent spatial variables). So the "dimensionality of time" is always one, so to speak. (Except in the case of a complex time alluded to above, but that is not connected with any physics, apparently.)

So the interesting question is this: are there cases in physics where the dynamics of an object depends on more than a single time? I don't know of any actual theories in physics setting up such a kind of dynamical equations. In science fiction, there is a situation, where multiple times appear. That would happen, if time travel were possible and the past could be changed. The only way to avoid logical contradictions then (causal loops like the grandfather paradox) would be that when you travel to the past, you arrive in a parallel time line. So time would have two coordinates, one corresponding to the ordinary time and the other describing an "orthogonal" shift in "time" by which a parallel universe would differ from ours. So when you travel to the past you land at a point that is shifted in that orthogonal time (or else you shift orthogonally by landing) and the future of that world, which up to the point in ordinary time where you end up with your time machine would have had the same history as your own, would be open. So you could change things, however the changes would pertain not to the world you came from, but to one shifted in the second time direction. Time would be essentially two-dimensional and time travel to the past would force you to shift away from the one-dimensional line on which you lived.

But as I said, that is science fiction.

We experience the effects of time-rate gradients daily in the form of gravity. Our time rate (tau) slows in proximity to matter with every increment toward Earth’s center. Even though the change is miniscule, that fraction of the energy of matter provides the acceleration of gravity.

g = delta tau * c^2 / delta h

Dear Dr. Ernest Grimm,

Thank you for sending that link, I had been seen it before!

Here are some of the centers to collect reports, documents, and study about flying saucer:

In America:

1. Aerial Phenomena Research Organisation

2. National Investigation Committee on Aerial Phenomena

In the south of France:

1. (1977) Foundation of a governmental center :

"Groupe d'Etude des Phénomenés Aérospatiaux Non Identifiés" in Center National d'Etudes Spatials

2. (1962 began its activity) Groupement d'Etude de Phénomenés Aériens

I know this is true that some people saying lies about flying saucer or UFO, or some government abuse from this subject but I saw flying saucer two times in my life. Once when I was a child and nobody accept me because I was a child and then when I was an adult and I have two witnesses to prove what I was seen! I reported that to Space Center from my country but nobody had found its signal in that night!

You can read more about the universe, astronomy, and life on "Universe: Solar Systems, Stars and Galaxies" written by Michael Seeds, Dana Backman in the link below:

https://b-ok.asia/book/3504825/6a05d8

Also, everyone can read

"Secrets of Antigravity Propulsion: Tesla, UFOs, and Classified Aerospace Technology" writthen by Paul A. LaViolette Ph.D. in the link below:

https://b-ok.asia/book/1098073/08ea53

I sent a part of one page of this book too.

Away from physical and space-time issues If we focus only on the matter and talk about whatever exists in our world (perhaps like humans), we must first study how life came to be on Earth. Two American biologists, Stanley Miller and his Professor (Dr. Urey) from the University of Chicago were able to produce a bunch of amino acids by combining Earth's primary atmosphere gases, such as water, methane, ammonia salts, etc., with an electric spark inside a balloon. Amino acids form the basis of a combination of proteins. So first the nucleic acid molecules and then the most primitive terrestrial organisms came into being. As a result, cells formed after the viruses. Research has also shown that there are two other types of life, other than terrestrial life which is based on carbon chemistry and an environment full of water and oxygen.

One of them could be ammonia life. Ammonia creatures breathe nitrogen and drink ammonia. Ammonia lives at temperatures below 33 ° C because ammonia evaporates at higher temperatures. Another type of life is silicon. Under special conditions, silicon can form vital complex compounds. The characteristic of a silicon human is that he/she is resistant to temperatures above a few hundred degrees Celsius.

Dear Dr. Devito,

Thank you for your reply.

I will definitely read your paper at the first opportunity and share my opinion with you.

Dear Dr. Pfenniger,

Thank you for your reply.

So you think that a multi-temporal world that is itself complex also includes complex places or places that are unimaginable. There may not be a place in a multi-temporal world because in one you will be present at every moment, and eventually statistical physics will be involved.

I will study the link from Wikipedia that you recommended and I will discuss it with you soon.

Dear Dr. Fardaei,

Thank you for your reply.

I will study your article and discuss it with you the next time.

Hi Carl L. Devito !

FYI, if you visit the RG page for one of your papers, and wait for the URL to simplify, you can then cut and paste the URL into a posting, and RG will turn it into a pretty link, like this:

Article Time scapes

:)

Hello Ghazaleh Tahmasebi !

I think that Hawking used the idea of two-dimensional time in his "bubble universe" model.

First, imagine a cone, that represents a slice through the universe, expanding with time. Imagine a cross-section plotted on a piece of graphpaper, as a pair of lines coming from the 0,0 origin, one giving an upward slope to the right, and another sloping downwards as it moves to the right.

Now redraw it with an arbitrary rescaling that squishes the come into a hemisphere. The graph now shows a semicircle.

We've said that the universe size is increasing with time (x axis). We'll call this "axial time".

But if we imagine the universe hypersurface constantly expanding like a balloon, then all the different balloon surfaces for different moments in the past will "nest" and fit inside each other, and we can imagine the entire history of the universe as a solid block containing all the nested histories.

So the radius of the universe (y-axis) can be considered to be a useful time coordinate in its own right (legitimate because the radius distance is at right angles to the expanding spatial surface, and doesn't align with any spatial surface).

Our x,y, graph of the universe radius (radial time) expanding with time (axial time) now has two time axes, perpendicular to each other!

Half of the semicircular curve can be thought of as the worldline of a particle starting at the Big Bang, with the curve representing the particle's local time.

The particle's local arrow of time then starts pointing straight up (as radial time), and gradually curves around until it is horizontal (axial time)

So we can also describe the evolution of the universe as the evolution of the angle of local time, changing through 90 degrees from being aligned with radial time , to being aligned with axial time.

The idea of the bubble universe was that if you then ask "what happened before the big bang?", by tracking the particle's worldline back through t=0, it comes out again in positive axial time at a different part of the universe.

----

The problem with the "Hawking bubble" was the question of what happens when we draw in the missing second hemisphere, describing the second phase of the universe in which it contracts again, and radial time runs backwards.

But if we are allowed arbitrary rescalings, we can rescale the local time (worldline) distances so that the bubble's equator is only reached after an infinite amount of local time. This means that the equator represents a point in the infinitely-far future of the universe's inhabitants where all matter has already decayed to leave an empty universe, and there's then nobody around to see it contract again in the second phase.

To Eric Baird: Thank you!

Dear Ghazaleh Tahmasebi

Our universe is made of Panpsychist Quantum Mechanics Elementary particles. Therefore everything must have QM foundation. On the other hand, it IS NOT mechanical OR accidental or dumb universe as the mainstream think of.

Universe's DNA is hydrogen atom. every element in periodic table is result of interaction of hydrogen atom with each other or other atom to make heavier atom, i.e. two hydrogen makes one helium. This phenomenon is telling us that Hydrogen has a journey to accomplish or ATOMS ARE SMART.

When it has been proven that interaction of atoms are making molecules, and molecules making LIFE is absolutely correct.

Life CAN be create many ways that we are not aware of, as you mention "Ammonia life" or others is very possible.

One thing is for sure, life as we say, it must follow duality, like here on earth.

Male/female duality, and existence of surviving must be duality, like us, we depend on vegetation, and vegetation depend on species.

But I believe we customized for earth, I do not think we came from other planets, but who knows? Here is THE THEORY OF EVERYTHING might be interesting you.

https://www.academia.edu/38670214/The_Theory_of_Everything

regards.