I understand that external factors like smell and colour of a room can affect the mood or performance of a person. But to what level is the effect ? Is there any quantitative measure of its influence.
The quantitative measure of its influence depends on what exactly you aim to test when you say "performance". In memory test, for instance, odors can serve as reminder cues and thus improve retrieval:
Chapter Odor-Based Context Dependent Memory
Article Odors as effective retrieval cues for stressful episodes
Regarding mood, there are some studies on ambient odors and their effects on mood and anxiety, for instance:
Article Naturally occurring anxiolytic substances from aromatic plan...
Article Ambient odors of orange and Lavender reduce anxiety and impr...
This can't be more than a hint but exactly this question was of some interest for aircraft industries some years ago. The problem was that from an economical point of view it would be best to reduce the space for individuals within the cabin while raising the number of passengers per flight. But it figured out that this would cause a strong feeling of discomfort which has to be compensated by factors addressing environmental aspects of the cabin like design (colour, illumination) and odour. Unfortunately I don't have a literature link but I know that a team of researchers worked on this issue at Airbus Industries in Germany and France.
Sometimes due to smaller spaces, heat, smell odour and colour may affect reduction of oxygen in the surrounding area will cause irritation, rashes to our skin and uncomfortable feeling
Actually there are studies regarding the effect of conditioning place preference (CPP) via disparate environmental ques such as texture of a room, a redolent odor (natural pheromones for instance for certain animals or artificial fragrances such as a preferred food) or temperature, etc.
The underlying neurobiological and cognitive mechanisms of place conditioning or fear conditioning are plexiform and complicated. The perception of ques (visual or olfactory stimuli for example) becomes associated with the memory of an event (fear, reward,...) and becomes consolidated if repeated or if the intensity of the stimuli is significant. The model animals or rodents for example remembers (retrieval of the episodic or associative memory mostly in the hippocampal CA1 and DG) the good (rewarding) or bad (punishing) memory, and this would affect the decision-making via the strong connection and projection between hippocampus and cortical regions (e.g. PFC).
We have done a research in which we performed CPP by reward from drug-seeking and dependency:
Article Effects of dorsal hippocampal orexin-2 receptor antagonism o...
Study on odor-conditioned rodent models:
Article Predator odor avoidance as a rodent model of anxiety Learnin...