Is that there is someone among you my explain ,the negative values seen for pseudo 1 and 2 k-constants briefly for the clay powder. about liquid/solid adsorption kinetics.
If the graphical illustration of your data is a curve increasing to the upper limit (eq. equilibrium state) or vice versa, then the negative value of constants k1 and k2 is impossible. Sad to write it, but you can not make correct calculations. Use the exponential (PFO) and hyperbolic (PSO) equations in the original form, not transformed, and qe = qeexp and the problem will disappear. Regards,
You are not the first. There were also those who not only obtained negative values of k1 (PFO), but published such calculations. This paper is on RG. I hope you will not do it. Regards,
Why not to show us the resalts of your kinetic tests (in form of graph) and the way you tried to describe them. It could be interesting for people dealing with this subject. We learn from our mistakes. Regards,