Knowing the theoretical reaction routes of hydrotalcite-like ternary NiMnAl LDHs to be synthesized by sol-gel from inorganic salts like nitrate, chloride, sulphate, etc. to identify whether the process is greener or not based on the by-product expected from this theoretical output.
Dear Ararso, many thanks for asking this interesting technical question. The synthesis of NiMnAl double-layer hydroxides (LDHs) can be performed e.g. by the sol-gel method, by co-precipitation or by hydrothermal syntheses. If you ask if the "sol-gel process is greener" we need to know "greener than what?" In general, nickel is considered a midly toxic heavy metal, so soluble nickel compounds may have a green color, but they are certainly not enironmentally friendly. I think that the sol-gel method to synthesize NiMnAl LDHs is generally recommended because it can be carried out in aqueous solution. For a useful reference please have a look at the following related article entitled:
A comparative study of co-precipitation and sol-gel synthetic approaches to fabricate cerium-substituted Mg Al layered double hydroxides with luminescence properties
Article A comparative study of co-precipitation and sol-gel syntheti...
This paper has been posted as public full text on RG, so it can be freely downloaded as pdf file. For an interesting article reporting the preparation of NiMnAl LDHs via hydrothermal synthesis please also see the following relevant reference:
Highly Dispersed Ni Nanocatalysts Derived from NiMnAl-Hydrotalcites as High-Performing Catalyst for Low-Temperature Syngas Methanation
(see attached pdf file)
Good luck with your work and please stay safe and healthy!
Dear Ararso, thank you for your kind response. The question if a synthetic method is "greener" than others depends on various factors and also on how you "sell" it to the scientific public. Green synthesis often means that toxic organic solvents are replaced by water or that the synthesis is carried out without any solvent (e.g. ball-milling). In your case you could also consider the anions of the respective starting materials. I assume that chlorides are more environmentally friendly than the corresponding nitrates. For a good overview of different synthetic routes to layered double hydroxides please have a look at the following potentially useful article:
LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES: NANOMATERIALS FOR APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURE
https://www.scielo.br/j/rbcs/a/kPMswmRVtM8hCvYSnN78tyh/?lang=en
(see attached pdf file)
Then compare your synthetic method with previously reported routes and see if it has some "greener" aspects.
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