Hi, the study of Peter Berg shows the principles and techniques can be used to determine not only the most effective methods for establishing and using plants and trees, but are also important pointers to the species most likely to survive and do well in coastal situations.

http://www.fao.org/forestry/11283-0f0bb329900ba7bdfd3d31af07f337f85.pdf

Dear Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad

mangroves, palm and casuarina

But mangroves is the best because its roots make a network that support the stability of the shore and break waves. in addition it support the marine life with nutrintes, protection

In some areas (arid area), Tamarix may also be suitable.

Apart from mangrove trees you can try Casuarina equisetifolia trees and eucalyptus.

Please take a look at this useful link.

http://www.fao.org/3/ag127e/AG127E09.htm

Dear Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad, please follow the links below:

Chapter Mangrove plantation for controlling soil erosion

Article The use of mangroves in coastal protection

Soil erosion is a common phenomenon, but the loss of vegetation accelerates soil erosion . To reduce this phenomenon, vegetation restoration is essential. Considering that most coastal soil erosion occurs at surface depths, so it is appropriate to rehabilitate beaches with shrubs and sometimes trees.

Sea shores have saline soil, so, it's better to use salt-tolerant plants due to their rehabilitation.

Harasit Kumar Paul Leila Vatani Arvind Singh Kiprotich Kiptum Mehdi Moameri Karim Omar Juan Carlos Torrico

Special thanks for your guidance, dear ones.

Aside from mangrove tree species, one of the most widely planted trees in coastal areas in the Philippines is Terminalia catappa.

Mangrove plants are Good option. Nice question

Mangrove trees in wetland are suitable, but Casuarina equisetifolia trees are suitable for lands that not flooded

All of the species named by others above are good for the purpose in certain locations, but they don't all thrive in every coastal location. Some coastal locations have a muddy substrate and others sandy. Some are inundated with daily tides, some only a few times a year.

I suggest three primary issues need to be decided in any planting program, before you start selecting species. One is to understand the soil and weather conditions (local climate including frequency of frosts or droughts, frequency of inundation, vulnerability to sea level rise, soil type, soil acidity or alkalinity, exposure to flooding with freshwater from the inland, et cetera).

Another priority is to understand the limitations presented by various land uses in the locality: for example, can grazing by domestic stock be excluded, are property developers going to lobby for construction of seawalls, do local residents cut trees down for firewood et cetera).

Another, related priority is to decide what land-use is to be applied: for example, will it be nature conservation, or property protection, or public parkland? The plantings should suit and support the purpose. This won't always be easy to decide because there may be very sharply contrasting views between what local residents want and what the authorities believe should be done.

Once these three parameters have been assessed, then advice can be sought from a botanist or horticulturalist to select species to suit the particular circumstances.

Hello Pashmineh, I can see that some plants species and useful links have been provided in respect of your question. However, I wish to add that a good knowledge of the ecology of the species is important and that the use of native species or species that have been adapted to the environment of interest, is advisable. For instance, an exotic plant species - Nypa palm (Nypa fruticans) which was introduced for coastal erosion control in Nigeria some decades ago eventually turned out to be a disaster due to its invasive nature. I wish you the best in your project.

Uzoma Darlington Chima Geoff Edwards Safaa A.S. Ghorab Zahid Fazal Victor B. Asio

Special thanks for your guidance, dear ones.

Dear Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad of course mangroves are the first plants coming to one's mind in this context. However, they grow only in tropical countries:

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/mangroves.html

For alternative plants and tress, please see this interesting article entitled "The Important Role of Trees in Combating Coastal Erosion, Wind and Salt Spray – A New Zealand Case Study" (see attached pdf).

Plants like salt marsh and sea oats can be helpful, depending on whether along coastal marsh or streams, or sand dunes. Casuarina equisetifolia is a useful tree in coastal protection.

I would suggested you to visit the vetiver network international (Chrysopogon zizanioides) website. In this website, There are a lot of useful and extremely practical/applied contents about the erosion issue and restoration the riparian corridors and ecosystems regions.

Depending on where. You don't want to introduce exotic (non-native) species, even if recommended.

Dear Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad for more information please also read the answers to this closely related RG thread entitled

"Which is/are the best tree/s to protect sea shore from its erosion?"

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Which-is-are-the-best-tree-s-to-protect-sea-shore-from-its-erosion

Hi Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad

Though the Rhizophora class of plants have been proven best to combat soil erosion, the answer to the question also depends on the exact geographical condition of the subjected shore. To offer a holistic recommendation of different plants suitable to arrest coastal soil erosion, I'll be glad to refer you to this site.

http://www.coastalwiki.org/wiki/Shore_protection_vegetation

Hope this helps.

Hi Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad,

There are many studies on mangroves forest and how they decrease coastal erosion. The mangrove roots increase sediment deposition. In addition, above-ground roots slow down flows. But, as Mauricio Diazgranados says, they should not be planted just anywhere.

Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad

Mangrove forest is considered one of the best trees to stop soil erosion in the coastal belt. The root system of the mangrove plants is an excellent retainer of the soil.