What kind of factors/solution components (except pH) can increase the thermodynamic stability of i-motif? I suppose increasing salt concentration e.g. NaCl, would stabilize the structure. Is e.g. KCl more stabilizing? Any ideas?
The influence of acyclic RNA derivatives, UNA (unlocked nucleic acid) monomers, on i-DNA thermodynamic stability has been investigated. The 22nt human telomeric fragment was chosen as the model sequence for stability studies. UNA monomers modulate i-motif stability in a position-depending manner. The largest destabilization is observed for position C14, while UNA placed in position A12 causes significant increase of i-DNA thermodynamic stability. CD curves of UNA-modified variants imply no structural changes relative to the native i-motif.
REF:Modulation of i-motif thermodynamic stability by the introduction of UNA (unlocked nucleic acid) monomers. by Prof. Anna Pasternak
Well, maybe I didn't ask my question clearly enough - sorry for that. I was wondering what kind of solution components can increase thermodynamic stability of i-motif structure (except pH) e.g. salt concentration, different ions, molecular crowding etc.. The paper that you refered to concerns only the influence of UNAs on i-motif stability - i-motif structure is modified "internally" by other kind of nucleoside residues.
Have a look at the review I have co-authored, "i-Motif DNA: Structure, Stability and Targeting with Ligands" in Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 2014. The literature suggests that some cations destabilise the i-motif while molecular crowding appears to stabilise the i-motif however there is still a lot of work to be done in this area.
Article I-Motif DNA: Structure, stability and targeting with ligands