What are recent technologies for improving physico-chemical properties of salt affected vertisols soils (Black soils) and economically viable for farmers.
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I have had a few experiences with vertisols, high shrink, swell. Potential for gullying due to high erodibility. In a pre-reservoir study, I mixed some of these montmorillonite soils in a cylinder. The fine clay particles do not settle very fast, turbid water remained for essentially months. Freeze thaw issues can pull some tree seedlings out of the ground. I think it would be best to use low or no till methods, unless there is intent to mix in sand and organics. Shallow rooting plants more likely to be affected by deep cracking when dry, swelling when wet, and freezing cycles. Soil expansion during freezing can disturb soils from surface roots leading to erosion during intense storms, exposing surface roots, and pedistaling of soil pebbles if present. Saline soils present added problems I have not experienced, but I do know marine terrace and sodic soils have high erodibility, tendency to gully, etc. Erosion of these soils and delivery into reservoirs or water supplies would likely result in extended periods of elevated turbidity, higher water treatment costs for drinking purposes, potential increases in water temperature from increased absorbing of solar radiation. If intensive activity disturbs these soils, undisturbed forest or dense vegetation buffer zones along streams, water courses or waterways will help limit off site downstream and reservoir impacts. These clay particles in suspension do not easily settle, so filter fences may help some, but not be effective In maintaining water quality. You might try the soil fabric filter fencing used in the Sediment from a Small Ephemeral Gully study about 2007 on my ResearchGate.
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