Recent developments in potential treatments for metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (both extra- & intra- hepatic metastases) after: Substantial liver resection; standard chemotherapies; multiple surgical removals of affected lymph nodes; maintenance of stent in common bile duct near/at Pancreas; FGFR inhibitor clinical trial; & stereotactic proton beam therapy directed at extrahepatic affected lymph nodes.
Biliary tract cancer, carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts, carcinoma of the gall bladder, ampullary carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma are often identified at an advanced stage and have poor prognoses. Although effective chemotherapy regimens are needed, their development remains unsatisfactory.
surgery for resectable tumours is complex, with a need for high expertise in a multidisciplinary team to achieve acceptable outcomes.
There are few studies about laparoscopic treatment for biliary malignancy due to the complicated dissection of porta hepatic structure, and even reconstruction of biliary tract and(or) vessel under laparoscopy, which increases the difficulty of the laparoscopic radical resection of biliary malignancy.
cholangiocarcinoma is difficult to treat because it is usually diagnosed late.the only hope of good prognosis is the early diagnosis which happens when discovered accidentally
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