If you ask to optimize the PV system technical and economic parameters then using HOMER is the easy way. However, there are many other software's you can try.
We need more info than just the names of your variables (which for non specialists do not represent anything). Is your problem:
- continuous? discrete? both?
- differentiable or not?
- constrained or not?
- convex or not?
Five variables is a relatively low number, so depending on the nature of the problem, you may have a lot of options in the choice of solvers.
@Mohammed: you may have little difference between 2 metaheuristics, but stating that any two methods will probably perform the same is exaggerated. Using gradient-based methods vs gradient-free, or local vs global, etc. may have a definite impact on the convergence and the proof of optimality.
You may see some of these papers aother papers @ Google Scholar :https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=Y3aAjj4AAAAJ&hl=en
Sinha, Sunanda, and S. S. Chandel. "Review of recent trends in optimization techniques for solar photovoltaic–wind based hybrid energy systems."Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 50 (2015): 755-769.
[1] Amit Kumar Yadav, S.S. Chandel. 2018. Formulation of New Correlations in terms of extraterrestrial radiation by optimization of tilt angle for installation of solar photovoltaic systems for maximum power generation-Case study 26 cities in India" Sadhana 2018) 43-81 (Springer Impact Factor 0.465, SCI, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-018-0858-2)
[2] Amit Kumar Yadav, Vikrant Sharma, Hasmat Malik, S.S. Chandel.2018 Daily Array Yield Prediction of Grid-Interactive Photovoltaic Plant using Relief attribute evaluator based Radial Basis Function Neural Network. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2018),81 (Part 2) 2115-2127.
[3] Amit Kumar Yadav, S.S. Chandel. 2017. Identification of relevant input variables for prediction of 1-minute time-step photovoltaic module power using Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression Models. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews(2017) 77; 955–969. (Elsevier Journal Impact Factor 8.050, Science Citation Index)].
Thanks If you are working on Solar cell modelling : see this & linked references
[1] Malik, P., & Chandel, S. S. (2020). A new integrated single‐diode solar cell model for photovoltaic power prediction with experimental validation under real outdoor conditions. International Journal of Energy Research. (Impact Factor 3.741, https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5881)