1. You can map geological features/structure from Google earth visually by using point, line and polygon tools available on tool bar of google earth/ pro. You can save theses features in kmz/ KML fornat. You can open/ import these files as layer and save as shape file using Arc Map or QGIS tools for the preparation of final maps.
Methodology of importing and conversion of KMZ/ KMl layer is asso available on ESRI site. You can also refer you tubes.
2. Lot of literature is available on net for mapping geological features/ structures from satellite images. I think following references will be useful to you:
Creating Faulted Geologic Surfaces with ArcGIS | ArcUser - Esri
if you want you can check the attached article where Google Earth is coupled with remote sensing to map geomorphological processes.
Illustration is also provided (e.g. in Figure 6).
Lombardo, L., Cama, M., Maerker, M., Rotigliano, E., 2014. A test of transferability for landslides susceptibility models under extreme climatic events: application to the Messina 2009 disaster. Nat. Hazards 74 (3), 1951e1989.