For example, a few decades ago it was unimaginable perform statistical works without having a broad domain of mathematics, but now everybody uses it only following the instructions of a SPSS program.
Artificial intelligence is machine intelligence. It works by computer programming. Minimal mathematics is called for and is involved but Computer science is the major discipline required. It is possible that artificial intelligence is understood and manipulated without a broad knowledge of mathematics. However mathematical knowledge will definitely boost the artificial intelligence theory and application.
It is a very trick question. Well, if you mean extract knowledge from your data... in other words, if you want just to apply some AI Algorithms to get some insights, you just need to understand the data mining procedures and algorithms.
Of course, if you have a mathematical background, you are going to perform better choices of which method is better applicable to a given problem.
On the other hand, if you want to develop new IA Algorithms, you clearly need a very strong mathematical background.
I hope that this answer might help you in your research.