In an antenna array, a beam pattern can be obtained when conducting the beamforming, and the beam with the highest directivity is the mainlobe and others are the sidelobes. However, when IRS conducts passive beamforming, is there any sidelobe is generate? How can I obtain its array factor or beam pattern? Can you provide some related references? Thanks a lot!
Dear Jiahui Li ,
welocme!
As the passive reflecting surfaces change the direction of the incident radiation on them. Then at the end effect they can be mimicked by two dimensional phased array. So, they can be used for beam forming.
The study in the this link illustrates the beam forming of IRS: Article Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces With Spatial Modulation: An ...
Best wishes
Yes, there are main and side lobes, just as for conventional beamforming. Every waveform that can be reflected by an IRS can also be synthesized by an antenna array, and thus the size of the lobes are also matching.
We wrote some things about it in the following paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.03359
Yes and we can, for the direction or the detection of the users, also use the same algorithms of adaptation like the MMSE, the LMS ... or by metaheuristic algorithms like the genetic algorithms, the simulated annealing ...
good luck
You can also check Article Coverage Analysis of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assi...
Analytical expressions for the near-field and far-field beampatterns of an IRS can be found at:
Conference Paper Electromagnetic Modeling of Holographic Intelligent Reflecti...
Please note that the notion of beampattern goes beyond phased arrays. For example, imperfect reflection from a rough surface will produce an electric field whose beampattern can be numerically calculated using integral equations and the method of moments.
Regards,
Kostis
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