Dear Mrs. Pattanaik,

The most common way is using geophysical methods such as geomagnetic measures to detect different Fe-bearing minerals based upon their different magnetic behaviors. This is valid for Fe-bearing silicates and carbonates as well as ferromagnetic minerals such as magnetite or pyrrhotite which give the most pronounced readout. Geoelectrical methods enable an experienced operator to distinguish mineral groups which may accommodates different elements from each other based upon the resistivity and SP data. IP can give you an idea about the texture and structure. Gravimetry is good for high-density minerals, e.g. chromite and Fe oxides when there is a strong contrast between host rock and ore the same hold true for seismic methods.

To sum it up, you need to know what minerals and metals of interest you can expect within a certain study area. All these methods are neither remote controlled chemical nor mineralogical methods. It is to constrain mineral occurrences and thereby element groups , but it no way to distinguish , e.g. luzonite [Cu₃AsS₄] from enargite [Cu₃AsS₄] and draw any conclusions based upon the presence of one or the other sulfide about the emplacement of a mineral deposit from the data obtained. The latter is still left for the ore mineralogist in his/her lab.

With kind regards H.G.Dill

Thank you for your answer dear Prof Harald G. Dill .

Hessam Fathipour Yes I know. But I want the exact name of the instrument.

There are many different metal detectors used for fossicking in the plains in search of gold nuggets. My colleagues and me also made use of them in search of parts of an old "Flying Fortress" (B 17G wreckage) and it is very easy to find cartridges of the caliber 12.7 mm (metal alloys up to 5 cm in length) down to a depth of roughly 15 cm in loose topsoils and ammunition belts of the pertinent machine guns of pure rusty iron. But I never gathered practical experience exploring for gold nuggets.

H.G.Dill

ok sir. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and experience.

Dear Abhyarthana,

There are so many devices which you can find in the market. Most of these devices work based of geophysical functions such as magnetic properties. It depends on your need. These devices are mostly used by those people who are looking for antiques and treasures. If you need it for scientific purposes you would better use geophysical methods and the interpretation of the findings from geophysical surveys.

Regards,

Rahim

Rahim Masoumi Actually I want to know the name of the particular instruments and methods and a little bit details.

Dear Mrs. Pattanaik,

when I quitted my job in office I also returned my devices. Therefore I can only recommend you browse the internet and look for metal detectors used in search of gold nuggets / fossicking. You will find more devices that it will be difficult to take a decision which of them is the most suitable and most economic for you.

I wish you much success

H.G.Dill

Harald G. Dill ok sir. Thank you

Dear Abhyarthana,

I have found you some of the best brands in this case:

- Black sensor md

- Black sensor sg

- Garret

- MF 1200 Active

- MF 9700 Quinary

- Fisher

- Bounty Hunter

- Tesoro

- Minelab

- Nokta

- Whites

Regards,

Rahim

Thanks a lot Rahim Masoumi