After three years of biofumigation (localized compost application at 60T/ha rate) and solarisation during summer (Soil T°C at 60cm depth is over 40°C during at least 6 days), we end tomato crop cycle (9 months crop cycle in plastic greenhouse) with galling index over 7/10 for most the tomato plants. What do you suggest? can egg masses support those ranges of heat?
Dear. Dr. Khalid Azim
Please see details below.
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-6063-2_12#page-1
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-6063-2_12#page-1
Thanks Dr Woo for the link, I sent a paper request to the author. Thanks Pr Choukr-Allah, I talked with Pr Ferji last wednesday and she told me that J2 larvae do not resist above 40°C, but the questions here are the following:
What's the intervals of temperatures and their duration of exposition to eliminate J2 of Meloidogyne spp?
What the intervals of temperatures and their duration of exposition to eliminate eggmass of Meloidogyne spp?
Could 60°C for 2 days long kill both J2 larvae and egg masses of Meloidogyne spp?
Dear. Dr. Khalid Azim
Egg masses can not withstand these temperatures; by cons it is possible that the larvae of Meloidogyne drop below 60 cm deep if the soil is deep. Solarization therefore can not destroy the entire population.
Then the population of Meloidogyne can be reconstituted with surviving larvae during the 9-month cycle of the tomato crop.
Thank you Dr Buisson for those explanations. It seems that when we work in an open system, management of root knot nematodes becomes harder. In an IPM tomato crop under greenhouse, it was very hard to not to use a biocide after three years of biofumigation solarization. This is maybe due to the fact the a IPM model accepts the use of chemical fertilizers what disturb the effect of beneficial microorganisms of the compost used. By cons, in organic vegetables under greenhouse, it has been demonstrated (data not published yet) an effective management of root knot nematodes even with high level of galling index, yield and quality were close to conventional system.
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