I'm sorry, I think I misunderstood the question. I thought you wanted to map land movements in the intertidal zone or near the coast.
Tonal data depends on multiple variables, both physical from remote sensing (sensor, sun position, atmosphere, etc) and the grain size/composition of the soil and it variation in % along coast. Sandy soils retain less water than silty or clay soils.
If the areas are emerged, you could use a DEM according to the resolution you want to work (Pleiades 1A/1B, World-View, etc) or try to correlate a method with soil composition (sand, clay, lime, etc) and humidity.
Thank you but still you have missed the Remote sensing part of it to demarcate high tide based on elevation. Let me try high resolution data, if you come across solid solutions kindly advise me.
What we usually do in these cases is, depending on whether you have access to satellite, airborne or UAV remote sensing, the following:
- Low tide flight
- High tide flight
The infrared band (900-950 nm) is used to obtain the submerged areas. The difference between both in the intertidal zone.
When we need to have information about the intertidal micro-reliefs, we usually make a photogrammetric flight with UAV at low tide. If instead of 0.5 m, 1 m of resolution and absolute accuracy were enough, we have ever used the Airbus Elevation tri-stereo (nevertheless coastal areas is not the place where it better works); but we have no experience with DEMs with 0.5 m from satellite data.
It is possible that, if the area has a homogeneous composition (all sands, for example), a multi-band method based on the Red and NIR bands can be calibrated, following the principles of Beer's law. This is how bathymetries are generated (but with blue and green bands).