Developing superior crop varieties across environments is a very complex due to GXEXM or GXE interaction, and I want any clarification about the difference between GXEXM & GXE .
Dear Zigale Semahegn GxExM interaction study provides a more precise picture of genotypic variation than that of simply GxE study. You can ask yourself: why one year evaluation is less reliable than two year evaluation, and why single location evaluation is less dependable than multilocation studies?? The answer to these questions would bring you towards solution to your own question that you asked at RG.
Thanks!
By "M", I assume you mean Management.
I would expect that Management interacts with Genotype x Environment in any crop improvement field trial, it just might not be explicitly examined as part of the trial. Almost any single variety you care to examine could be managed to provide greater or lesser yield by planting at different times, using different seed densities, irrigation, weed suppression etc.
I expect that in general, M is kept constant (all seeds planted same time, same soil, same rainfall, same harvest date), unless different locations are examined, and the researcher cannot be physically in all locations simultaneously.
Ultimately, it probably comes down to resources (financial, temporal, spatial and statistical) in order to unravel more than 1 or 2 additional variables within each factor of your experiment.
NB I am not involved in field trials, but I had some experience a long time ago. Maybe someone currently active in such work will have more useful information to add.
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