What are the situations in research writing where ethical approval is not mandatory?
An ethics comité will not be necessary. First, the presumption of innocence (incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat) is a universal principie that should always be applied: “one is considered innocent unless proven guilty.” Besides, justice should be distributiveand involves the application of fairness to individuals in communities. To apply justice, each paper should be examined by the peer-reviewers and the editorial board on its own merit or quality. The paper should receive what is fair according to the norms, nor the persona (the author), and the reviewers should prevail over emotional or subjective approaches.
I assume that by review article you mean the kind of meta-analysis that authors do when they analyze the body of research that has been published in a particular field. Since authors of review articles are not actually doing any human participant studies, that is, they are not engaged with human beings as subjects or participants in an actual research study, it is not required to get ethics review in order to research and write the article.
The rules may be a little different in different countries and different institutions, but ethics committee approval is to ensure that participants or subjects of a study do not come to hard, either physical or emotional.
Review articles, such as you mention, are not collecting NEW data from participants or subjects, so you should not need ethics approval.
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