A salam,
Dear SIr/Madam
I have a question , as we know that mostly we use PICO model or approach for clinical trials in conducting systematic Literature review, so what model or approach we use in observational cohort studies or case studies, or in qualitative research or any other study design. thank you very much for advance for your kind answer.
Hi,
You can refer to EQUATOR guidelines that give all the necessary requirements for quality research.
https://www.equator-network.org/
You can modify the PICO model into PECO model (E stands for exposure) while developing your research question for observational cohort design. Here C is considered as the 'unexposed' group. For example, we want to check whether 'attending a health education session on HPV vaccination' is linked to the 'outcome (eg correct knowledge about need and timing of HPV vaccination)' among a 'population of mothers of 8 year old girls'. Here we use PECO in following manner to develop our research question:
P - mothers of 8 year old girls
E - 'attending a health education session on HPV vaccination'
C - not attending this health education session (though invited)
O - correct knowledge about need and timing of HPV vaccination (captured by using a HPV vaccination knowledge scale)
Research Question: Does attendance in a health education session on HPV vaccination improve the correct knowledge about need and timing of HPV vaccination among mothers of 8 year old girls (as compared to not attending this health education session)?
I agree with Sanjeev Kumar and Bhogaraju Anand who nicely stated what is needed for SR with observational studies. In addition, for quality assessment you may use JBI tool: 1. https://jbi.global/sites/default/files/2020-07/Checklist_for_Quasi-Experimental_Appraisal_Tool.pdf
2. https://jbi.global/sites/default/files/2020-08/Checklist_for_Cohort_Studies.pdf