1.)   i used the ratio for management efficiency is (Total Business / No of Employees)  in this ratio what is Total Business ? is it shows the profit (before tax or after tax) or something else?

2.   In Sensitivity to market risk ratio I used the ratio (Total Securities / Total Assets).  Which type of securities we need to use. 

I read many research papers but few of them are used the S= Sensitivity to Market Risk component.

Please send any references related to this.

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