As a part of ISAAC, I have been asked by NASA to determine if I could measure water content five to 10-m through the Lunar regolith. The instrument will be right above the Lunar surface (not in orbit as previously stated), and I will be using the measurements of the angles that the signal is sent and bounces back to determine the dielectric constant, and I am hoping that this will work along more than just the surface.
Thank you in advance.
It really is a good question which has a complicated answer. The EM depth of penetration depends on the permittivity (dielectric constant) and also conductivity of the soil as well-next to the most important factor, antenna frequency. You can search for 'skin depth' of the GPR waves. If deeper is of more interest, go with lower frequencies.
Anyway, this question is hard to be given an exact estimate but a very rough rough estimate would be less than 1-2 meters below the surface if good (high resolution) data is needed.
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