Hello,

Below is an excerpt from (Yilmaz, N.D. “Agro-Residual Fibers as Potential Reinforcement Elements for Biocomposites”, Chapter 11, in “Lignocellulosic Polymer Composites: Processing, Characterization and Properties”, Ed. Thakur, V.K., Wiley -Scrivener, USA, ISBN 978-1-118-77357-4, s. 233-270. ,2015.)

"The procedures which are applied during the production of conventional lignocellulosic fibers can also be used to extract fibers from agro-based byproducts. Fiber extraction techniques include biological, chemical and physical separation methods [27]. These can be listed as

• Dew retting (biological)

• Cold water retting (biological)

• Hot water retting (biological)

• Mechanical separation (physical)

• Chemical extraction (chemical)

• Enzymatical extraction (chemical)

• Ultrasonic separation (physical)

• Steam-explosion (physical) [56]

In the course of these procedures, the non-cellulosic parts are removed in specific

proportions and the cellulosic fibers are exposed and seperated [56]. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages in terms of the yield and quality of the extracted fibers

Lignocellulosic Polymer Composites

[27]. One of these processes can be selected, or several processes can be combined to achieve a desired quality [13,56]. Each added step will increase the cellulose content while decreasing variability and fiber diameter [8]. Storing the agro-residue for a certain period such as one year before fiber extraction may also lead to a more efficient fiber seperation than new harvested fiber source [38]."

For more detailed info you may refer to the mentioned reference.

Best Regards,

Nazire

thank you it is useful for me