Dear Sana Ahmed ,
With reference to your attached paper, we classify industrial solid wastes differently primarily as 1. organic and 2. mineral for their management.
Most of the non-hazardous mineral wastes could be recycled in construction and metal industries. Some of the organic solid waste such as from food industries can be used as feedstock in fermentation industries including biofuel production. The residual solid organic waste from most industries can then be converted to biomethane as we do worldwide at high rate and efficiency since 1980. More on https://modelengineering.eu/circulate
Sana Ahmed
Bruno Peeters
Solid waste management from industry requires a systematic and sustainable approach. Here are some key strategies: Waste reduction: Applying methods to reduce waste at source, such as optimizing production processes and improving product design, can significantly reduce the amount of waste.
Recycling: Channeling waste for recycling, including materials such as metals, paper, plastic and glass, helps reuse resources and reduce new production. Composting: For organic waste, composting is an effective way of converting the waste into useful soil nutrients.
Energy recovery: Processes such as incineration or gasification can be used to convert solid waste into energy, reducing the amount of waste that ends up in landfills. Storage: When waste cannot be recycled or composted, it is important to ensure adequate storage in accordance with regulations to prevent environmental pollution.
Education and training: Providing training to employees on waste management best practices can improve participation in reduction and recycling initiatives. Collaboration with experts: Involving waste management experts and consultants can help develop effective strategies and solutions.
Information and reporting: Setting up a waste monitoring and reporting system helps identify areas for improvement and ensures transparency in waste management. Using these approaches, industries can significantly reduce the impact of their waste on the environment and contribute to sustainable development.
For solid waste management you need to apply hierchy of swm such as source reduction, raw material replacement, reduce n recycle leftover or other requred treatment based of type of waste… and last incineration or landfill…
First you need to categorized sw such as plastic waste, haz.waste, cotton waste, papers etc and than based on the type apply 4R technology before disposal..
Landfills filled with solid waste and solid waste incineration are the result of applying an outdated arbitrary top down swm hierarchy over the last 150 years. Both landfills and incineration plants emit a lot of GHG's warming up our world's climate.
My plea is a for a pragmatic bottom up and circular approach starting by redirecting organic solid waste from both industries and cities away from landfills and incineration plants for sustainable circular use as feedstock for biobased products instead of petrochemical ones and as source of biomethane to replace fossil fuels as we do worldwide since 1980.
Last but not least: we always apply plain common sense such as: Reduce > Reuse > Recycle > ...