Most often, I see Kaplan and Haenlein's (2010) definition of social media cited in research articles: “A group of Internet- based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content” (p. 61).
With respect to social presence and media richness, applications such as collaborative projects (e.g., Wikipedia) and blogs score lowest, as they are often text-based and hence only allow for a relatively simple exchange. On the next level are content communities (e.g., YouTube) and social networking sites (e.g., Facebook) which, in addition to text-based communication, enable the sharing of pictures, videos, and other forms of media. On the highest level are virtual game and social worlds (e.g., World of Warcraft, Second Life), which try to replicate all dimensions of face-to-face interac- tions in a virtual environment” (p. 63).
Recently, Carr and Hayes (2015) published a rather interesting article defining social media in such a way it would stick until 2035:)
Carr, C.T. & Hayes, R.A. (2015). Social Media: Defining, Developing, and Divining, Atlantic Journal of Communication, 23:1, 46-65, DOI: 10.1080/15456870.2015.972282
The definition: "Social media are Internet-based channels that allow users to opportunistically interact and selectively self-present, either in real-time or asynchronously, with both broad and narrow audiences who derive value from user-generated content and the perception of interaction with others” (p. 50).
Social Medium
Social network sites (e.g., Facebook, QQ, GoogleC, YouTube, Yelp, Pheed) Professional network sites (e.g., LinkedIn, IBM’s Beehive) Chatboards & discussion for a Social/Casual games (e.g., Farmville) Wiki “Talk” pages Tinder Instagram Wanelo Yik Yak \
Not a Social Medium
Online news services (e.g., NYT online, PerezHilton.com) Wikipedia Skype Netflix E-mail Online news SMS/Texts Oovoo Tumblr Whisper
I was surprised to see Tumblr on the list of “not a social media”. Should blogs not be included?
The first trial was with Ning and I have done a research and I found that students had a better communication with each other and with me too (file attached). During the last two years I am using the close groups for my students on facebook in order to give them extra informations about the lessons and messanger. They communicate and collaborate much easier. Also I have a better communication with them and also a better understanding of my subject from them.
According to Wiki, social media is a computer-mediated toll/softwares that allow people to create, share or exchange information, discuss common issues,career interests, ideas, pictures, videos etc in a virtual communities and networks. Virtual networks interconnect the ISP (Internet service providers from different IT companies, regions, countries etc. Social media are a group of internet based applications that build on the ideological foundations of Web 2.0 migrated to Web 4.0, 4.6 etc or what I would like to term netnography. this allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content. for example, ResearchGate, academia.edu, edudemy, Open Source Initiatives (OSI) etc with source codes like DOI: for copyright purposes.
Social Media is dependent upon mobile and Web-based technologies to create highly interactive platforms through which these virtual communities share, discuss, and modify user generated content.
This is also linked to social networking services/sites (SNS) or Open Sorce initiatives (OSI). It is Web based and provide means for users to interact over the internet.
Note: Some misuse this for purpose of phishing or eaves drops on what others say/write and plagiarize works without even acknowledging the authors.
This action can be restricted by having user codes/DOIs for Copy Right issues.
If you are IT literate, you would know what I mean.
Jeannette,
Social media is a computer-mediated tool/software that allow people to create, share or exchange information, career interests, ideas(essays, research work etc), pictures, videos etc in virtual communities such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Edudemy, E Educators, Open Source Initiatives (OSIs), YouTube and many others. Social media is dependent upon mobile and web-based technologies to create highly interactive platforms through which these virtual communities share, discuss, co-create and modify user generated content. These are a group of internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0/netnography that has migrated to Web 6.0 (which is the latest) that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content.
Note: Some users misuse this and try to phish/steal or eaves drops on what other people say/write thus plagiarize work without any acknowledgement of the sources.
This action can be restricted by having user codes/DOIs to protect each publisher and issues of Copy right laws.
See my paper linked below for criteria that should apply to selecting social media for educational interaction. In particular, see the answers to research questions 2 & 3.
This is not a list of specific platforms, but rather criteria that should be applied to selecting a platform.
Conference Paper Selecting CMC Systems for EFL Instruction: Can Standard Soci...
Thanks Michael:) My family ranch is located in your part of the world. My interest in the field is to select studies for a meta-analysis. It’s a question of what articles to include and which to exclude. I will read your article with interest.
The first trial was with Ning and I have done a research and I found that students had a better communication with each other and with me too (file attached). During the last two years I am using the close groups for my students on facebook in order to give them extra informations about the lessons and messanger. They communicate and collaborate much easier. Also I have a better communication with them and also a better understanding of my subject from them.
My thesis research focuses on self-disclosure on social media networks (focusing on Twitter and YouTube). What literature have you found most useful for self-disclosure on these social media platforms?
Thank you Paraskevi, Mari, and Jesse.
Paraskevi, I can use your study! Thank you:)
Mari, I haven’t seen anything on your topic. I tend to focus on quasi-experimental studies.
Jesse, the definition appears to be sound if you compare it to other established social media technology definitions (Boyd, O’Reilly, Kaplan and others); it’s more precise and limited; however, based on their definition, tumblr appears to have all of the qualities of a social media technology. I agree that Tumblr should be considered social media. Blogs while not social networks per se have an interactive commenting function which may or may not allow for the posting of original content as a response to a post. Tumblr is a form of blogging too, I believe, and, in my estimation, constitutes a social media/social network site. I will upload the article for you. For me, in order to move past exploratory meta-analysis, I need to pin down the conceptual framework and definitions and thus be able to more apply a moderator variable that is based on the functionality of the social media technology.
Jeanette:
I have looked at Social Media platforms in education in this paper and presented how Facebook can possibly be used to help struggling English language users. I hope you find it useful to your topic:
Conference Paper Social Media in Education: Bringing Your Classroom to Life -...
Would you like to have a look at my paper ?I presented this in our university's Weekly Seminar presentation. It might be of help.
regards!
Facebook-Twitter-whatsapp in Business
Data Facebook-Twitter-whatsapp in Business
These appear to be fairly arbitrary definitions when it comes to the myriad of tools which are now available for social networking. Wikis tend to fall within the domain of social networking.
One reference which may help (slanted towards the healthcare sector) is-
The Shape of Digital Engagement. Health Care and Social Media. Timimi, F. J Ambulatory Care Manage, 2013, 36 (3), 187-192.
Wikipedia is listed as a non social medium? That's a bit off. Isn't Wikipedia a collaboratively user generated platform/content?
Is it just me or is the definition worded in a way that is much more inclusive than can be inferred from the actual inclusion by authors?
For example "perception of interaction" should (via that wording) include virtually anything that has a comment section. But it seems like authors included only 'real' interactions that go both ways into their social network groups.
But I'll need to read deeper into that, of course.
Hi Jeanette,
I feel any channel you use to socially connect with people online is social media. Blogs came long before social media was actually penned, it's doesn't serve as a platform to socially connect but to share ideas and values. And Tumblr is a full on social media no matter what because you can follow, be followed, share, like and communicate with others just like Facebook or Twitter.
As for definition of whatsoever, it should be more inclusive rather than exclusive. Taking fractals for example, Benoit Mandelbrot's definition of fractal refers to coastlines as fractal, but includes classic fractals such as Koch curve. I re-defined fractal relying on head/tail breaks, in which highways are fractal; see the following paper in particular Section 2. Under my new definition, all previous fractals are still fractal, yet with new addition of highways being fractal.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270634544_Headtail_Breaks_for_Visualization_of_City_Structure_and_Dynamics?ev=prf_pub
Article Head/tail Breaks for Visualization of City Structure and Dynamics
Dear Jeanette.
You may find this paper useful in response to your questions.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275771610_Social_Networking_for_Businesses_Is_it_a_Boon_or_Bane
Please peruse and cite, if it is of some help. Good luck!
Regards,
RC
Chapter Social Networking for Businesses: Is it a Boon or Bane?
I think that we need to go back to the idea of a "social network" which LONG predates the internet -- a social structure made up of "nodes” (people or organizations) connected by one or more specific types of interdependence, such as friendship, kinship, common interest or dislike, financial exchange, sexual relationships, relationships of beliefs, knowledge or prestige, etc.
Social media platforms simply mediate the social network. So it is NOT the technology which is in question. It is the USE of the technology affordances. A given user may use Facebook in a way that is simply a one-way posting of information, with no interest in interaction. For that person, Facebook is NOT "social media." The same could be said about Tumblr -- it CAN be one-way with no interest in interaction, or it can be HIGHLY interactive.
The technology provides affordances, but what is or is not "Social media" is NOT defined by the affordances but rather by the USE of the affordances.
That's right Jeannette. Tumblr is a blog site. where was it referenced?
Dear @Jeanette, I find this article as an appropriate one for your thread.
5 social media trends to watch in 2016!
"The social media landscape is in a constant state of flux. It was last year, and 2016 will be no different. What remains the same is that businesses will have to rise to the challenge of figuring out how to get the best results from a channel that's getting an increasing amount of attention and resources.
Here are five trends to watch in the coming year relating to business and social media.
- Facebook video will dominate, including 360 video
- Social commerce could finally arrive
- Companies will have to rethink the customer
- Social media is maturing, and will need better measurement
- Live streaming is...?"
http://www.techrepublic.com/article/5-social-media-trends-to-watch-in-2016/?tag=nl.e101&s_cid=e101&ttag=e101&ftag=TRE684d531
I find it hard to process why TUMBLR is not classified as SM. Isn't it web-based and interactive? So, Where does TWITTER belong? What about WHATSAPP? I think it will be good and more revealing to explore the whole piece.
There are apps such as the commonly known ones (FB, whatsapp, Google+, Orkut, Twitter etc.,) which are US specific; while there are many others which our chinese friends follow due to restrictions (Weibo, Wechat....)
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