The German language has a lot of exceptions to the rules. Grammar rules are certainly necessary. Instead of spending too much time on grammar rules, however, I would try using a phrasebook (in particular because you say your time is limited. Phrasebooks often give you examples how the language is really spoken and they contain the correct grammar, i.e. both rules and exceptions. This way you might get a feeling for the language relatively quickly). I would also recommend to get a lot of practice by speaking to native speakers.
of course, I am happy to do that. I have to admit that I have never used German phrasebooks on my own, because I am a native speaker. However, I have used phrasebooks for other languages, e.g. Portuguese, and I have made good experiences with lonely planet phrasebooks for the daily use. For more colloquial German, the Lonely Planet German Phrasebook might be a good idea. For more formal German, you could try the Penguin German Phrasebook.
Thanks a lot for your warm reply. I think to lear german language, i will learn written and spoken language. Before, the start, is my skills in english and frensh languages can help me to learn German language?
What are the basis documents which can help to speak and write correctly.
Thank you very much for your reply. I think proficiency in English and French can definitely help to learn German. Some words are similar or even the same.
I would recommend you look at websites in the field of research you are most interested in. Sometimes there are professional societies that have links to job adverts, e.g. Researchgate or Nature websites have job adverts. If you have a particular research interest and a person in this field offers a position, it is worth directly contacting this person. In many cases, you will have a particular advisor with whom you work during your doctorate. Even though there are graduate programmes to which you can apply directly, it is sometimes the case that researchers advertise specific positions for PhD training. In these cases it is best to contact these researchers directly.
your research intestests sound excellent. It is definitely a huge advantage that you exactly know the research project you like to pursue. I wish you the best of luck in finding a good position for your PhD training.