What's the optimum amount of sulfur or polyphosphoric acid that could add to bitumen for increase ductility without negative influence on viscosity and other parameters?
It needs a conducted experimental tests to find the effect of amount of sulfur or polyphosphoric acid on the ductility of bitumen.
It needs a conducted experimental tests to find the effect of amount of sulfur or polyphosphoric acid on the ductility of bitumen.
I agree with Dr. Enieb to some extent. However, because your question is very general; therefore, no clear answer can be given. The answer to this question depends on several parameters; for example, what is the performance grade of the bitumen? and for what purposes it is to be used.
An easier and more accessible solution might be to read some other studies:
For PPA:
Effect of polyphosphoric acid on physical properties, chemical composition and morphology of bitumen
Rheological property investigations for polymer and polyphosphoric acid modified asphalt binders at high temperatures
For Sulfur:
Some studies have suggested the use of 2% sulfur (by weight) in bitumen. Please see the following paper:
Investigation on rheological performance of sulphur modified bitumen (SMB) binder
Please conduct a specifuc study for that to find out how much you should add to satjisfy your standards.
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- Chemistry
- Sulfites
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