Originally, rhinos were found as far west as Haridwar some 200 years ago. However the swamp habitat of the Terai-Bhabhar has been irrevocably changed to agricultural grassland. the population in Chitwan and Kaziranga is viable, but the danger comes from poachers, who have killed over 40 rhinos in Assam last year.

The problem is neither with the poachers, the rhinos nor the habitat. The problem is with the rascals who feel the need for a rhinoceros horn to do whatever they do with it. If there is a movement like PETA that would go and spray paint over these murderers, then the problem would largely be solved. Countries like China, Japan, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia need to address this matter. As long as a rhino horn can fetch a large sum, the poaching will continue and the population will continue to be threatened.

Without proper connectivity between parks in this region, it is difficult to see how long-term sustainable populations can be maintained without human intervention. Because the populations in these parks are small and isolated, there is a very real and significant threat of issues associated with inbreeding and genetic isolation. It is likely that for this and other species, humans will have to mediate connections between these isolated populations, either by reciprocal translocations (which could negatively disrupt social structures) or, perhaps preferably (though more expensively) by artificially inseminating females using sperm from males in other territories (though the assisted reproductive techniques would have to be specifically developed for these rhinos).

I had no idea about Artificial Insemination , Has it been Practiced with wild Rhinos or any other wild animals ??

As far as I am aware, it hasn't been achieved in wild rhinos, but there has been some success in captive specimens. In all likelihood the technique will eventually have to be applied to lots of species living in isolated parks, in which the carrying capacity of the park is insufficient to sustain a long-term viable population.

I am facing the similar dilemma in case of Four Horned Antelope in a sanctuary : how to establish healthy genetic exchange between the spatially separated populations within the sanctuary? Creating habitat corridors between populated areas seems as one potential solution, which is quite possible within a protected area. However, in a fragmented areas in larger landscape, we need to assess the cost & benefits of (i) captive breeding/artificial insemination and (ii) creating and managing effective/good quality habitat corridors.