How to convert radiance data into top of atmospheric reflectance in mars?

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Artem G. Feofilov

The procedure should not be that different from the terrestrial TOA reflectance estimation:

http://semiautomaticclassificationmanual-v4.readthedocs.io/en/latest/remote_sensing.html#top-of-atmosphere-toa-reflectance

http://puu.sh/A9E8r/41360804ed.png

ESUN is well known, solar zenith angle is calculated for each given moment using standard equations (or perhaps it is already stored along with the MCC data?), so you just need to use the corresponding Sun-Mars distance instead of d.

Joseph A Shaw

The previous answer is correct ... you just need to work through the radiometry, step by step. Dividing measured upwelling radiance by the incident solar spectral radiance will give you something that is the product of the irradiance incident on the surface, the surface BRDF, and the atmospheric transmittance.

Nayama Scariah

hi.. Thank you for your answers. I think for calculating Top of atmospheric reflectance, we need exoatmospheric irradiance(ESUN) value for each band, but which is not given in the metadata. How to calculate ESUN value from spectral response data for each band?

Spectral response is not related to ESUN, which is an incoming flux on top of atmosphere. Are we speaking about the same variables?

In this story, the spectral response is needed only for an interpretation of measured radiance and I believe the instrumental team has already taken this into account in their calibrated L1 product.

ESUN per channel can be calculated from daily data measured by spaceborne instruments (I don't know which one is the golden standard nowadays) or from a standard solar spectrum recalculated to actual Sun-Planet distance.

If the satellite instrument provides the fluxes corrected to instrumental function (I mean L1 dataset which contains real physical fluxes at the entrance of the telescope) then you don't need to convolve solar spectrum with the instrumental function of each channel, you'll already be comparing apples to apples if you just integrate solar spectrum radiance in each channel.

Does this sound reasonable in your case?

can you please provide Standard Extraterrestrial Solar Spectrum Reference for Martian surface? The solar irradiance spectra can be used to calculate ESUN values.