If you make e' - e" plots as a function of log frequency, you may find out the relaxation time, relaxation time distribution, the relaxation strength, conductivity contribution, in some cases space charge effects. It you make measurements at more temperatures, you can get activation energy (or distribution thereof). If you have semiconducting or solid electrolyte samples it is better to use the electic modulus (m' -m") represantation. if you work in aqueous solution, you can use the programs developed for impedance spectroscopy to find out electeode effects. Please specify more closely what you measured and for what purpose. This question is too general.

My material is Insulator and I want to study the phase transitions in the material.

How to approach it...Please specify your answer....

Thank you

If you are interested in phase transitions, the best is to measure the dielectric permittvity and loss in a limited frequency range as a function of temperature (stepwise or linear sweep). If your material is polymer, you will see relaxation transitions rather than phase transitions (the two are different). if going from low temperature upwards, the permittvitiy will increase at the transitions and the loss will exhibit maximum. The highest temperature transitoon (before the materila becomes too soft) is usually the glass transition temperature denoted as alpha tansition, the next beta etc. Beta and gamma relaxations are usually localized motions ascribed to side groups or shorter segments. if your material is a ceramic, you will see phase tnasitions if your material happens to be ferroelectric and the curie point is in the measured range, or you may see transcrystallization events, in some rare cases "melting" of rotational degrees of freedom without the collapse of the crystal structure. I would suggest using the 100 Hz - 1 MHz range and to use the horizontal shift technique to obtain activation energies for the transitions.

If you have further details, please send me. You can also send it to my email address, if you wish: [email protected]

The most common way to analyze a dielectric experiment (e´or e´´ vs. frequency) is to use the empirical equations of Cole-Cole or Havriliak Negammi in the frequency domain. Relaxation time, broadness and intensity of the relaxation process are easily obtained from these fittings.

If you don’t want to fit the data by using the above equations you can always obtain the relaxation time of the relaxation process from the peak maximum (tau = 2 pi f) and, together with the temperature construct the relaxation map.

I have taken the data within the range of 100Hz -1MHz.

But how to find the activation energy from the Horizontal shift technique.

I can't study Relaxation studies because In my sample I will find the relaxation in GHz range but I have taken the data within the range 100Hz-1 MHz.

Please suggest me different study except Relaxation study.

If the relaxation frequency is beyond the measurable range, you shuld try to repeat the measurement at lower temperatures as well. The best is first to make the test at a single frquency as a function of the temperature, then you can see where are the main realxation regions. Then you can repeat the frequency dependent tests in the neighborhood of the transition temperature. Horizontal shif techniques: you should measure e' and e" vs. log frequency at various temperatures. Then you should try to shift the curves horizontaly until they form a single curve. Then you can plot the shift factors vs. 1/T and you can get the activation ennergy.

To perform a dielectric study and to calculate the activation energy of your relaxation process, you have to change the temperature.

The experiment should be for frequencies between 100Hz to 1 MHz and for different temperatures.

Finally you have several curves of e´or e´´ or tan (d) vs. frequency. Each of these curves for each temperature.

With the maximum plus the temperature, you can contruct the relaxation map

(og (tau) = log (2 pi f) vs (1000/T)) and from the slope to determine the activation energy.

If the relaxation is outside of your frequency window, you cannot perform a relaxation study.

What is your material?

Dielectric data can be acquired on a variety of insulating materials. Depending upon the material on can suggest the appropriate dielectric analysis.

I agree with Ms. Silvina Cervery, unless you tell the material on which you have acquired a huge amount dielectric data, it is difficult for anyone to guess and to suggest what you should do with it. Kindly note insulating materials are in the form single crystals, ceramics composites, polymers , thin films, liquids, gels, paints etc.,

So please let us know the material which you have studied, so that we can suggest appropriately.

K. Sreenivas

Dear Dr. Gangaprasad,

You might have a look on this paper:

“An Elementary Picture of the Dielectric Spectroscopy in Solids: Physical Basis”, M. F. García-Sánchez, J.-C. M´Peko, A. R. Ruiz-Salvador, F. Fernández-Gutierrez, G. Rodríguez-Gattorno, A. Delgado, Y. Echevarría, J. Chem Education 80 (2003) 1062.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed080p1062

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257132596_An_Elementary_Picture_of_Dielectric_Spectroscopy_in_Solids_Physical_Basis?_iepl%5BviewId%5D=3uD4Ro0bFJeri4G311BO9B0C&_iepl%5BprofilePublicationItemVariant%5D=default&_iepl%5Bcontexts%5D%5B0%5D=prfpi&_iepl%5BtargetEntityId%5D=PB%3A257132596&_iepl%5BinteractionType%5D=publicationTitle

Best regards,

A. Rabdel Ruiz-Salvador

Article An Elementary Picture of Dielectric Spectroscopy in Solids: ...