Mangrove wetlands are highly productive salt-tolerant forested ecosystems distributed globally along sheltered tropical and subtropical coastlines. The understanding of how restored and created mangrove plant communities, soil properties, and soil-dependent ecosystem functions develop still need more explanation. Mangrove wetland restoration and creation efforts are increasingly proposed as mechanisms to compensate for mangrove wetland losses. However, ecosystem development and functional equivalence in restored and created mangrove wetlands are poorly understood.