Fish, bat, bee, ant colony, fire-fly algorithms and many more...

Whale optimization, Salp swarm, Moth-Flame, etc.

ALO (Ant Lion optimization), LAPO (lightning attachment procedure optimization), ...

PSO and other Creative Algorithms like ANFIS and ANN...

Thank you so much Prof. H. Naderpour.

PSO, Firefly Algorithm and Gravitational search algorithm

Dear Sir,

Some of the notable algorithms not listed above are provided below

1. Cuckoo search by Xin-she Yang and Suash Deb.

2. Ant colony optimization

3. Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) and Jaya Algorithm by Prof Venkat Rao

-Vishnu

Root and Tuber Algorithm

Bee Algorithm

Differential Evolution

Fish, bat, bee, ant colony, fire-fly algorithms and many more...

Meta-heuristics are general-purpose algorithms that can be applied to solve almost any optimization problem e.g. creative algorithms.

Root and tuber algorithm

Much more than it should be !

I recommend to take a look to this position paper which discusses (in a reader-friendly manner) the source of the issue in our field:

Article Metaheuristics -- the metaphor exposed

...and move on to serious research topics. As a community, we should orient our effort on a (statistical) analysis and unification of optimization methods under simple technical names, rather than wasting critical time (and harming the credibility of the heuristic optimization area) by inventing new names and creating micro-societies dedicated to cats, chaotic birds, frogs and predating water drops.

The list is large. Here I put a recent survey that I have published

Article From ants to whales: metaheuristics for all tastes

Particle swarm optimization and wolf optimization

There is a sea of possibilities....aheauheuaea Thanks for sharing, @Adilson.

Playing with exploration & exploitation can be done by plenty of different mechanisms and inspiring ideas.

Personally, those based on Neighborhood Structures are one that most attract my interest.