To complete their life cycle, plants require a total of 17 essential nutrient elements, as outlined in Table 1. The elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) are primarily obtained from the air and water, and their availability is largely beyond human control. These essential nutrients are crucial for supporting plant growth and reproduction.

18 element essential for plant .Out of the essential nutrient carbon,hydogen ,oxgen required 94 %,nitrgen,phosphorous ,potassium calcium ,magnesium sulphur required 5.8%,iron,manganese,copper,zinc,

boron,moybdenum,chlorine, nickel,cobalt required 0.2 %.

The essential plant nutrients are required for the plant to complete its full growth and productivity. There are 17 (18) element essential for plant to complete their life cycle. Out of these essential nutrient carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) are primarily obtained from the air and water, and their availability is largely beyond human control, which make up 94% or more of the dry tissue. The remaining essential elements collectively represent less than 6% of the plant dry matter. A deficiency of one or more of these elements often affects crop production.

These essential plant nutrients, supplied by either from soil minerals and soil organic matter or by organic or inorganic fertilizers, are divided into two groups: macronutrients (required in large amounts i.e. 5.8%) and micronutrients (required in small amounts i.e. 0.2%). The macronutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). The micronutrients include manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), boron (B), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), chlorine (Cl), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co). Various removal, fixation, and release mechanisms greatly influence the availability of nutrients to plants from the soil.