- Life cycle analysis (LCA): Evaluates the environmental impact of a material throughout its life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to final disposal.
- Embodied energy index (IEI): Measures the energy consumed during the production of a material, including the extraction of raw materials, transportation, manufacturing and final disposal.
2. Dynamic methods:
- Building energy simulation: Uses specialized software to model the energy behavior of a building, considering factors such as climate, building geometry, construction materials, and heating and cooling systems.
Software for calculating the energy state: DesignBuilder, Athena Impact, OpenStudio, etc.