Income that leads to poverty affects the learner physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially. Learning depends on nourishment of the developing brain. Motivation, behavior, and attitudes depend on need satisfaction. There is relationship between poverty or economic challenge and learning. 

I agree with you.

The more education one can get, the more money he/she is likely to make. And normally, those extra earnings are more than pocket change. Research shows that average salaries (median earnings) increase at every level of education. In a different, but relate scenario, learning is affected by income, for example, family income was found one of the most influential demographic variable affecting students learning at different levels of schooling. This reference gives you more details on how income affects learning.

Votruba‐Drzal, E. (2003). Income changes and cognitive stimulation in young children's home learning environments. Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(2), 341-355.

Dear Eduardo. Thank you for your question. This is an essential area to economists, educators and decision makers. Some studies have looked into this area. Governments as they plan their growth, definitely look into this area. Look, for example, into this diagram (attached link) to see the relationship between the level of education, rate of unemployment, and average income. You can see a relationship and an impact on these two parameters, which are essential at the individual level and the government economy. This is one aspect of answering your question. However, there are several other aspects related to this area, including quality of education, research, influence post graduation and several other related factors. Good luck.

https://www.bls.gov/emp/chart-unemployment-earnings-education.htm

Interesting question. I think it has many dimensions though. For example,

Personal income: how does an individual benefit learning-wise, when having high income etc

National level: per capita income and literacy rates etc