As New York has mapped the income levels along individual subway lines, earnings range from poverty to considerable wealth, namely income inequality exist obviously.
But how and when such inequality form along the time, i.g. before, in the middle and after the construction of metro? The procedure is rather complex, relating with the change of accessibility, spillover of land price and house price, agglomeration of economic activities, increase of commercial and housing investment, job attraction, etc.
Does this inequality has a spatial pattern? That is the spatial difference of the degree of inequality between the regions near to the metro and the ones slightly far away from the metro. And how does spatial pattern of income inequality evolve or change before, in the middle and after the construction of metro? Maybe the evolution of such income inequality will be impacted greatly by the density of metro, gentrification, sub-urbanization, urban renewal, built environment, etc.
What a relevant question!
for me a lot is depending of the status of the neigborhood befor metro building. In spite of other policies, the status quo prevails. But with some measures, the "nature" of the neigborhood can change. For exeple, in Lyon we had a metro line, then a tunnel to deviate the car flows and then some vigorous beutifications mesures. After some décades of effort the neighborood can change. So, if there is a Policy effort, a kind of gentrification can follow. If there is no accompanying policies, there could be no change.
Be carefull of an effect observed frequently :
near the stations, the locations are less attractive (noise, pollution, crime, ..)
Dear Guo,
Very interesting question. We have done a research on this topic measuring social and spatial inequalities change in urban area after a new transport measure. See Souche, Mercier, Ovtracht in Urban Studies 2016 (you can find the paper in my page researchgate) . We have use the same methodology for evaluating the impact of a new subway line (but not published). Best. Stephanie
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