What is the main mechanism of wastewater treatment through microalgae in open ponds and closed cultivation? How does it work when there is no oxygen and carbon dioxide in closed cultivation?
Photosynthetic microalgae can switch their metabolism to heterotrophic one. If carbon dioxide is not available, this has no effect on heterotrophic growth and therefore microalgae can grow without it.
I agree with Vit, in open ponds, there is CO2 whereas in closed at the beginning they will use organic carbon, but if there is light they produce oxygen and co2 in the dark phase o photosynthesis, so you will have mixed metabolism. Microalgae are supposed to remove nitrogen and phosphorous from wastewater, but they can also remove carbon depending on growth conditions.