First of all you have to decide what kind of AC converter you will use for convert DC energy from your panel to AC energy (eg. H - bridge converter, multi-level converter...).
There are a lot of different topologies of power electronics converter for this application.
You also have to decide if you want have a sinusoidal wave as an output.
AC output (kWh) = Irr (kwh/m2) * Area of Module (m2) * efficiency of module * inverter efficiency * power loss efficiency
For example
yearly irradiance in one city is 1500 kwh/m2
1 module area is 1.68m2 (60 cells)
module efficiency = 100 * output of module / ( 1000 * area ) = 16.8% in general
inverter efficiency is 95% (micro inverter) or 98% (string inverter) in general
temperature, cable, mismatch loss and so on is 95% or even lower
Thus, 1 module 1 day output is
(1500 / 365) * 1.68 * 16.8% * 98% * 95% is a little more than 1kwh
In practice, some deviation may have, for example, shading effect, tilt angle, module output +-10% deviation, environment impact (soil, dust, air condition)
If you want to know equation DC to AC conversion block inside inverter, is hard to answer. since, many types of bridge circuit ( harf bridge, full bridge and so on). The function is converting the wave..