I'm not sure what you mean by "when they are still in the landfill", but to manage leachate you need a leachate collection system including liners which had to be considered when designing the landfill. After the leachate is collected, you may treat it in place with different options such as leachate recycling and lagoons in hot climates.
To treat the solid waste you have to deal with it before it is landfilled. When the waste is landfilled, there is not much you can do regarding it and that's most of all due to economic reasons. However, you may use gas extraction pipes to avoid gas accumulation under the landfill cover.
Thanks for the answer. I understand the conventional method. Recently I've heard a question that is it possible to treat the waste in the landfill without removing it. Further about lactate, if it is just waste residing in the landfill, is it possible to treat it?
The solid waste should be sorted before landfill. Therefore, we can avoid lot of problem including the anaerobic effect on the organic wastes. The other recycling matters could also be reused. Other items can be send to the landfill.
Once the solid wastes are in the landfill, nothing much we can do except piping system to obtain the produced bio-gas; mainly; for safety reasons.
Kindly, you can go through the following article:
“Solid waste as a resource: sources, composition, disposal, recycling, and valorization” Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, Vol. 27 (2018) pp.1275–1290. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpe.2018.07.003
In-situ aeration is one of the most recommended method for rapid stabilization of waste in landfills. It has positive effects on improving leachate quality.