I looked into this for primates, and it seems that prolactin cannot be measured using feces. Urine samples are probably necessary then. Attached are some articles that were of use to me on this topic.
Article Urinary prolactin is correlated with mothering and allo-moth...
Article Development of prolactin levels in marmoset males: From adul...
Article Prolactin and Paternal Care: Comparison of Three Species of ...
Article Prolactin Levels during the Periparturitional Period in the ...
Article Field endocrinology: Monitoring hormonal changes in free–ran...